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The Carpatho-Rusyn language, also referred to as Rusyn or Ruthenian, is an East Slavic language. Historically, the term "Ruthenian" was used to describe the spoken and written language of East Slavs within the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and later in the Austrian Empire.1

Today, Rusyn refers to the spoken language and codified literary variants used by Carpatho-Rusyns in Ukraine, Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, and Serbia. While sometimes considered a distinct language, it shares features with Slovak and is part of the East Slavic language group, which also includes Russian, Ukrainian, and Belarusian. A codified form of Rusyn was established in Slovakia in 1995.12

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