BDSM

BDSM, an abbreviation for Bondage, Discipline, Sadism, and Masochism, refers to sexual activities involving the granting and relinquishing of control, physical restraints, and the infliction or reception of pain. While often perceived as extreme, these practices can range from mild forms like tickling to more intense activities such as whipping or piercing.12

In consensual BDSM, often referred to as "play," partners establish clear boundaries and use "safe words" or signals to ensure safety and consent. Aftercare, a period of calming activities and discussion following play, is also a common practice. Modern psychology views BDSM as a healthy sexual expression when practiced consensually and without distress.2