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The term "Asturian" refers to people from Asturias, a historic region and autonomous community in northwestern Spain. This region is characterized by mountainous terrain and a high annual precipitation, with a climate that is oceanic and moderate. The population of Asturias has grown but has also seen significant emigration, leading to an aging demographic concentrated in urban industrial areas like Oviedo, Avilés, and Gijón.12

Historically, Asturias was an independent Christian kingdom from 718 to 910 AD, established by Visigothic nobles who resisted the Muslim invasion of Spain. This kingdom eventually evolved into the Kingdom of León, with Asturias becoming a principality for the heir to the Spanish throne in 1388. The adjective "Asturian" can also describe a late Mesolithic culture in northern Spain known for its tool-making and reliance on shellfish.123

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