Andean civilization

References

Images

Map showing the distribution of indigenous peoples and cultures in Central America, the Caribbean, and the northern Andean region around 1492. The map labels various groups across present-day countries, including the Antillean Arawak (Taino), Ciboney, Antillean Carib, Lenca, Mosquito, Chibcha, Muisca, and others, with boundaries and coastlines marked along the Caribbean Sea and northern South America.

Map showing the distribution of indigenous peoples in Central America and the northern Andean region around 1982. The map labels various indigenous groups, such as the Mosquito, Sumo, Lenca, Kuna, Bribri, Boruca, Choco, Paez, Tairona, Arhuaco, Goajiro, Caquetio, and Jirajara, along the coasts and inland areas from Nicaragua and Panama to northern Colombia and Venezuela. Major bodies of water, including the Caribbean Sea and Pacific Ocean, are also indicated.

Map of western South America highlighting the principal sites of Andean civilization, including major archaeological locations and the extent of the Inca Empire. The shaded region marks the Inca Empire, while stars indicate key archaeological sites across present-day Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, and northern Argentina. An inset map provides a broader view of the Andes region within South America.

Andean civilization: Media

Images

Map showing the distribution of indigenous peoples and cultures in Central America, the Caribbean, and the northern Andean region around 1492. The map labels various groups across present-day countries, including the Antillean Arawak (Taino), Ciboney, Antillean Carib, Lenca, Mosquito, Chibcha, Muisca, and others, with boundaries and coastlines marked along the Caribbean Sea and northern South America.

Central American and northern Andean cultures, c. 1492

Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.

Map showing the distribution of indigenous peoples in Central America and the northern Andean region around 1982. The map labels various indigenous groups, such as the Mosquito, Sumo, Lenca, Kuna, Bribri, Boruca, Choco, Paez, Tairona, Arhuaco, Goajiro, Caquetio, and Jirajara, along the coasts and inland areas from Nicaragua and Panama to northern Colombia and Venezuela. Major bodies of water, including the Caribbean Sea and Pacific Ocean, are also indicated.

Central American and northern Andean cultures, c. 1982

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Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.

Map of western South America highlighting the principal sites of Andean civilization, including major archaeological locations and the extent of the Inca Empire. The shaded region marks the Inca Empire, while stars indicate key archaeological sites across present-day Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, and northern Argentina. An inset map provides a broader view of the Andes region within South America.

Principal sites of Andean civilization

Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.