African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights

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July 23, 2026

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The African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights, also known as the Banjul Charter, was adopted in 1981 by the Organization of African Unity (now the African Union) and entered into force in 1986. It establishes a human rights commission with both promotional and protective functions, allowing any individual to file a complaint.1

Distinctive features of the African Charter include its provision for economic, social, and cultural rights alongside civil and political rights. It also recognizes the rights of groups, not just individuals, and uniquely includes rights to development and to peace and security. Furthermore, it details individual duties to society, the state, and the international African community. An African Court of Human and Peoples' Rights was created in 2004 to rule on compliance with the charter.1

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human rights
Human rights in Africa
… [AU] in 2002) adopted the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights. Also known as the “Banjul Charter” for having been drafted in Banjul, Gambia, it entered into force on October 21, 1986, and boasts the vast majority of the states of Africa as parties.
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… [AU] in 2002) adopted the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights. Also known as the “Banjul Charter” for having been drafted in Banjul, Gambia, it entered into force on October 21, 1986, and boasts the vast majority of the states of Africa as parties.
Read More