Adarand Constructors v. Pena References Adarand Constructors v. Pena law case Ask Anything Homework Help Written by The Information Architects of Encyclopaedia Britannica The Information Architects maintain a master list of the topics included in the corpus of Encyclopædia Britannica, and create and manage the relationships between them. The Information Architects of Encyclopaedia Britannica Britannica AI Ask Anything Learn about this topic in these articles: affirmative actionIn Adarand Constructors v. Pena (1995), the court ruled that federal affirmative action programs were unconstitutional unless they fulfilled a “compelling governmental interest.” Read MoreIn Adarand Constructors v. Pena (1995), the court ruled that federal affirmative action programs were unconstitutional unless they fulfilled a “compelling governmental interest.” Read More