variable-pitch propeller

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Last updated

July 14, 2026

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A variable-pitch propeller allows a pilot to adjust the blade angle to suit different flight conditions. This contrasts with fixed-pitch propellers, which are set for a single flight regime and can limit performance.

For takeoff, a low pitch is used, while a high pitch is employed for cruising. Many modern aircraft feature automatic variable-pitch propellers that continuously optimize efficiency. In case of engine failure, these propellers can be "feathered" by turning the blades edgewise to the airflow, reducing drag. Some large piston-engine aircraft also use reversible propellers to shorten landing distances.1

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airplane
Propellers
…fixed pitch, four-blade controllable (variable) pitch, and eight-blade contrarotating pitch. The blade angle on fixed-pitch propellers is set for only one flight regime, and this restriction limits their performance. Some fixed-pitch propellers can be adjusted on the ground to improve performance in one part of the flight regime. Variable-pitch…
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…fixed pitch, four-blade controllable (variable) pitch, and eight-blade contrarotating pitch. The blade angle on fixed-pitch propellers is set for only one flight regime, and this restriction limits their performance. Some fixed-pitch propellers can be adjusted on the ground to improve performance in one part of the flight regime. Variable-pitch…
Read More