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A transmitter is an electronic device that sends out signals. In a telephone, the transmitter acts as a microphone, converting the speaker's voice into electrical signals by varying the resistance of carbon granules or an electric field. For radar systems, transmitters generate high-power signals that are radiated by an antenna. These can be magnetrons, klystrons, traveling-wave tubes, or solid-state devices like transistors, each with advantages for different applications. In broadcast television, transmitters amplify and combine signals onto a carrier wave for transmission via an antenna. Transmitters are also fundamental in electronic eavesdropping, where they can be miniaturized and concealed to intercept conversations.1234

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