top-down approach

The top-down approach seeks to replicate intelligence by analyzing cognition independent of the biological structure of the brain, in terms of the processing of symbols—whence the symbolic label. The bottom-up approach, on the other hand, involves creating artificial neural networks in imitation of the brain’s structure—whence…

The most common top-down approach to fabrication involves lithographic patterning techniques using short-wavelength optical sources. A key advantage of the top-down approach—as developed in the fabrication of integrated circuits—is that the parts are both patterned and built in place, so that no assembly…

…research, especially with the field’s top-down approach to problem solving. The top-down approach, which dominated the field at that time, presupposes that a computer must first be supplied with an internal representation of the “essential” features of the world in which it operates—an immensely difficult framework problem for all but…