square plan

architecture

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Last updated

July 14, 2026

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A square plan in architecture refers to a building layout where the central mass is square, often with four equal arms, creating a Greek-cross shape. In geometry, a square is a plane figure with four equal sides and four right angles. The area of a square with side length s is calculated as s². This mathematical concept of "squaring" also applies to algebraic expressions, denoting the product of an expression multiplied by itself. While the term "square plan" can describe a geometric shape, in architecture, it specifically relates to a symmetrical, cross-shaped building design.12

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architecture
Symbols of function
In Hindu temples, the square (and the cross plans developed from it) expressed celestial harmony. The central-plan Christian church (circle, polygon, Greek cross, ellipse) fascinated the architects of the Renaissance with its symbolic and traditional values, and it is found in their drawings and treatises to the virtual exclusion…
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In Hindu temples, the square (and the cross plans developed from it) expressed celestial harmony. The central-plan Christian church (circle, polygon, Greek cross, ellipse) fascinated the architects of the Renaissance with its symbolic and traditional values, and it is found in their drawings and treatises to the virtual exclusion…
Read More