split-phase motor

A split-phase motor is a type of electric motor that runs on single-phase alternating current. It uses a phase splitter to create a rotating magnetic field necessary for operation.1

Most homes and businesses have single-phase power supplies. To generate the required rotating field from this single phase, split-phase motors employ two stator windings. One winding has more turns of smaller conductors, making its resistance higher. This design causes the current in this auxiliary winding to lead the current in the main winding by about 20–30 degrees at standstill. This creates a starting torque, and the auxiliary winding is disconnected by a centrifugal switch once the motor reaches 75–80 percent of its rated speed. These motors are cost-effective and commonly found in domestic appliances.2