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Blasting is a process used to break down solid materials, like rock, using explosives. This technique involves drilling holes, placing explosive charges and detonators, detonating the charges, and then removing the fragmented material. The rapid expansion of gases from the detonation creates immense pressure, shattering the rock and causing cracks to form and extend.1

"Sound-wall blasting" is a specialized technique, primarily developed in Sweden, designed to preserve the integrity of rock surfaces during excavation. This method carefully controls the blasting charges to match specific rock conditions, often resulting in smooth, well-shaped rock surfaces that may eliminate the need for concrete lining, leading to cost savings. This contrasts with conventional blasting, which can damage the rock and necessitate additional support structures. Blasting is commonly employed in mining, demolition, and the excavation of foundations for construction projects.231

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