segmental arch

architecture

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Last updated

July 13, 2026

Quick Summary

A segmental arch is a type of arch that is less than a semicircle in its curve. Unlike a semicircular arch, it is formed from a segment of a circle. This design is particularly useful in bridge engineering as it allows for mutual support between adjacent arches, with the thrust directed to the abutments at either end of the bridge.1

An arch, in general, is a curved structural element used to span an opening and support loads from above. It relies on wedge-shaped blocks called voussoirs, with the central block being the keystone. The point where the arch rises from its supports is known as the spring. Arches offer advantages over horizontal beams (lintels) by allowing wider spans with smaller blocks and by redirecting downward forces into outward thrust, which must be properly buttressed.12

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…the late Middle Ages the segmental arch was introduced. This form and the elliptical arch had great value in bridge engineering because they permitted mutual support by a row of arches, carrying the lateral thrust to the abutments at either end of a bridge.
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…the late Middle Ages the segmental arch was introduced. This form and the elliptical arch had great value in bridge engineering because they permitted mutual support by a row of arches, carrying the lateral thrust to the abutments at either end of a bridge.
Read More