pipe

…use of lead was for pipes to supply fresh water to buildings and to remove wastewater from them (the word plumbing comes from the Latin plumbum, which means lead). The Romans provided generous water supplies for their cities; all of the supply systems worked by gravity and many of them…

Underground exterior water-supply pipes are usually cast-iron with threaded connections to contain the pressures applied to the fluid, which is typically sufficient to raise it four stories. Within the building, copper tubing with soldered connections is used for distribution because of its corrosion resistance and ease of fabrication;…

Larger-diameter pipes are often produced by forming the strip into an endless spiral, as shown schematically in B in the figure. Forming is followed by continuous welding of the seam, often by automatic arc welding. Pipes up to 1.5 metres in diameter and with a 12-millimetre…