ground-arch effect
Quick Summary
In physics, tunneling describes how subatomic particles can pass through barriers that classical physics suggests are impassable. This phenomenon is explained by quantum mechanics, where particles exhibit wave-like properties, allowing them to penetrate barriers even with insufficient energy to overcome them.1
The ground-arch effect is a concept in tunneling where the surrounding ground transfers load to the sides of an excavation, forming a dome-like structure. This effect is crucial for tunnel stability, as the ground arch acts as a load-carrying member. However, the strength of this arch can degrade over time, increasing the load on artificial supports.2
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