electrochemical machining

Electrochemical machining (ECM) is a nonconventional machining method that uses direct current to dissolve metal from a workpiece within an electrolytic cell. The workpiece acts as the anode, and a tool serves as the cathode, separated by a small gap. An electrolyte, typically a salt solution, is pumped through this gap, flushing away the dissolved metal. As the tool moves closer to maintain the gap, the workpiece is machined into a complementary shape. ECM is advantageous because it causes no tool wear and allows a softer tool to machine harder workpieces. It is used in industries like aircraft engines and automobiles for tasks such as deburring, drilling small holes, and shaping turbine blades.1