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A diving plane is a rudder or plane structure on a submarine that steers it upward or downward. These planes, along with rudders, are crucial for a vessel's maneuverability. While rudders are typically at the stern of ships to control horizontal movement, diving planes are specifically designed for vertical control. For submarines, diving planes are often located at the stern, behind the propellers, to take advantage of the increased water velocity in that area. This allows the submarine to control its depth, dive, surface, and hover.12

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