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Metal-cutting tools are categorized as either single-point or multiple-point. Single-point tools are used for operations like boring, while multiple-point tools include items such as milling cutters and drills.1234

For a cutting tool to function, it must be harder than the material it is cutting and able to maintain its cutting edge at the high temperatures generated by friction. Tool materials have evolved from early carbon steels to high-speed steels, cemented tungsten carbides, and ceramic oxides, each offering improved performance and higher operating speeds.1234

The effectiveness of a cutting tool is influenced by factors such as the cutting speed, feed motion, and the materials of both the tool and the workpiece. Controlling temperature is crucial, as overheating can cause a tool to lose its cutting ability.5

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