commutator

A commutator is a crucial component in electric motors and generators, primarily functioning as a switch. In direct-current (DC) motors, it converts incoming alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC) to generate motion. This is achieved through a series of bars or segments connected to the armature coils. As the armature rotates, the commutator, in conjunction with fixed brushes, reverses the current direction in the coils. This ensures that the torque produced continues to rotate the rotor in the same direction. In generators, the commutator performs the opposite function, converting the alternating current produced by the rotating armature into direct current for the output.12