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Astigmatism is a vision defect where the eye's cornea or lens has an irregular shape. This causes light to focus at multiple points instead of a single point on the retina, resulting in blurred vision. It can occur independently of nearsightedness or farsightedness.1

In optics, astigmatism is an aberration in a lens system that prevents light rays from converging to a single focal point, leading to imperfect images. This condition can often be corrected with specially designed lenses, such as eyeglasses or contact lenses, or through refractive surgery.231

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