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An antiknock agent is a substance added to gasoline to prevent detonation, or "knocking," in internal-combustion engines. Knocking occurs when the fuel-air mixture in the engine's cylinder burns too rapidly, reducing efficiency and potentially damaging the engine.123

Historically, tetraethyllead was a common antiknock agent, significantly improving the octane number of gasoline. However, due to lead's toxicity and its interference with pollution-control devices, leaded gasoline has been phased out globally. Modern gasoline formulations rely on different blends and additives to achieve the necessary antiknock quality.435

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