Winkler system

The Winkler system is a type of fluidized-bed gasifier that operates at atmospheric pressure. It is designed to convert combustible solids, primarily coal, into combustible gases like carbon monoxide and hydrogen.1

In this industrial process, crushed coal is fed into the gasifier and fluidized by a mixture of steam and either air or oxygen, depending on the desired calorific value of the product gas. The gasification reactions occur in the bed, with temperatures typically maintained around 980 °C (1,800 °F). This relatively low operating temperature makes the Winkler system ideal for using lignites and subbituminous coals, which have high ash-fusion temperatures. The system's throughput is limited by its low operating pressure and temperature.1