Kroll process
Quick Summary
The Kroll process is a metallurgical method used to obtain titanium. Unlike many other metals, titanium cannot be produced by simply reducing its oxide with carbon because it forms a stable carbide and reacts readily with oxygen and nitrogen at high temperatures.1
Another process, sometimes called the Betterton-Kroll process, is used to remove bismuth from lead. This involves adding calcium and magnesium to molten lead containing bismuth. Bismuth compounds form, which can then be separated as a solid dross.2
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titaniumOccurrence, properties, and usesIn the Kroll process, one of the ores, such as ilmenite (FeTiO3) or rutile (TiO2), is treated at red heat with carbon and chlorine to yield titanium tetrachloride, TiCl4, which is fractionally distilled to eliminate impurities such as ferric chloride, FeCl3. The TiCl4 is then reduced with…
Read MoreIn the Kroll process, one of the ores, such as ilmenite (FeTiO3) or rutile (TiO2), is treated at red heat with carbon and chlorine to yield titanium tetrachloride, TiCl4, which is fractionally distilled to eliminate impurities such as ferric chloride, FeCl3. The TiCl4 is then reduced with…
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titanium processingHistory…modern titanium industry, and the Kroll process is the basis for most current titanium production.
Read More…modern titanium industry, and the Kroll process is the basis for most current titanium production.
Read More- titanium processingTitanium sponge
…with magnesium (Mg) in the Kroll process:
Read More…with magnesium (Mg) in the Kroll process:
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magnesium processingMetallurgical applications…of these is in the Kroll process for reducing titanium tetrachloride to titanium metal.
Read More…of these is in the Kroll process for reducing titanium tetrachloride to titanium metal.
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