How does radio jamming interfere with an enemy's communications?

In the context of military communication, radio jamming is a form of electronic warfare designed to disrupt an adversary's ability to exchange information.1

The process primarily involves broadcasting a powerful radio signal that is modulated with noise on the same frequency as the target transmission. By overriding or obscuring the intended signal with this stronger interference, the jammer prevents the receiver from effectively processing the original communication.21

This technique is a key component of electronic countermeasures (ECM), which aims to deny an enemy the use of the electromagnetic spectrum. In response, military forces often employ electronic counter-countermeasures (ECCM), such as frequency-hopping spread spectrum, to maintain secure communications despite hostile interference.1