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The Charpy impact test is an engineering test used to determine a material's ability to withstand impact. It measures the energy a notched bar absorbs when struck by a swinging pendulum. The test piece is held horizontally between two vertical bars. The energy required to fracture the bar is calculated from the pendulum's height before and after impact, providing insight into the material's toughness and behavior under sudden stress. This is a crucial aspect of metallurgy for predicting how materials will perform in real-world conditions.12

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