Jorge Manrique was a Spanish soldier and writer, best known for his lyric poetry. Manrique was born into an illustrious Castilian family that numbered among its members the statesman Pedro López de Ayala and the poets Gómez Manrique and the Marquess de Santillana. He entered the Castilian military

Ignacy Jan Paderewski: In 1901 his opera Manru, dealing with life in the Tatra Mountains, was given at Dresden. In 1909 his Symphony in B Minor was given at Boston, and in that same year he became director of the Warsaw Conservatory.

Jacques Peletier was a French poet and critic whose knowledge and love of Greek and Latin poetry earned him a membership in the important and prestigious group of French poetry reformers known as La Pléiade. In the preface to his translation of Horace’s Ars Poetica (1545) and in his Art poétique

Le Mans, city, capital of Sarthe département, Pays de la Loire région, northwestern France. Situated in the former province of Maine, the city lies southwest of Chartres at the confluence of the Sarthe and Huisne rivers. Le Mans derives its name from the ancient Gallic tribe of the Cenomani, whose

Mansa, town, northern Zambia. It is located between Lake Bangweulu to the east and the frontier with the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west. It lies in an agricultural and livestock-raising area, has a battery-manufacturing plant, and is the seat of a Roman Catholic bishopric. Pop. (2000)

Mūsā I of Mali was the mansa (emperor) of the West African empire of Mali from 1307 (or 1312). Widely considered to be the wealthiest person in history, Mansa Mūsā left a realm notable for its extent and riches. He built the Great Mosque at Timbuktu and is best remembered in the Middle East and

mansabdar, member of the imperial bureaucracy of the Mughal Empire in India. The mansabdars governed the empire and commanded its armies in the emperor’s name. Though they were usually aristocrats, they did not form a feudal aristocracy, for neither the offices nor the estates that supported them

François Mansart: Last years.: …1651 a pamphlet entitled “La Mansarade” (possibly written by political enemies of the prime minister, Cardinal Mazarin, for whom Mansart had worked) accused him of having made deals with contractors and charged him with profligacy. The attack did not prevent him from continuing to work for prominent people.

mansard roof, type of roof having two slopes on every side, the lower slope being considerably steeper than the upper. In cross section the straight-sided mansard can appear like a gambrel roof, but it differs from the gambrel by displaying the same profile on all sides. Although the style was used

François Mansart was an architect important for establishing classicism in Baroque architecture in mid-17th-century France. His buildings are notable for their subtlety, elegance, and harmony. His most complete surviving work is the château of Maisons. Mansart was the grandson of a master mason and

François Mansart was an architect important for establishing classicism in Baroque architecture in mid-17th-century France. His buildings are notable for their subtlety, elegance, and harmony. His most complete surviving work is the château of Maisons. Mansart was the grandson of a master mason and

Jules Hardouin-Mansart was a French architect and city planner to King Louis XIV who completed the design of Versailles. Mansart in 1668 adopted the surname of his granduncle by marriage, the distinguished architect François Mansart. By 1674, when he was commissioned to rebuild the château of

Albert Mansbridge was a largely self-educated educator, the founder and chief organizer of the adult-education movement in Great Britain. The son of a carpenter, Mansbridge had to leave school at the age of 14 owing to his family’s limited financial resources. He became a clerical worker but

Mansehra, town, northeastern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan. The town is situated at the southern end of the Pakhli Plain on the Bhut Stream, a tributary to the Siran River, at an elevation of 3,682 feet (1,122 metres) above sea level. It is a market town surrounded by pine-covered hills and

Henry Longueville Mansel was a British philosopher and Anglican theologian and priest remembered for his exposition of the philosophy of the Scottish thinker Sir William Hamilton (1788–1856). Educated at the University of Oxford, Mansel was elected Waynflete professor of moral and metaphysical

Andes Mountains: Physiography of the Central Andes: …Huarcaya gaps and—the most important—Manseriche Gap, which is seven miles long.

Ernst, count von Mansfeld was a Roman Catholic mercenary who fought for the Protestant cause during the Thirty Years’ War (1618–48); he was the Catholic League’s most dangerous opponent until his death in 1626. An illegitimate son of Peter Ernst, Fürst (prince) von Mansfeld, governor of the duchy

Ernst, count von Mansfeld was a Roman Catholic mercenary who fought for the Protestant cause during the Thirty Years’ War (1618–48); he was the Catholic League’s most dangerous opponent until his death in 1626. An illegitimate son of Peter Ernst, Fürst (prince) von Mansfeld, governor of the duchy

Mansfield, town and district, administrative and historic county of Nottinghamshire, England, on the River Maun. Mansfield was the chief town of Sherwood Forest—the legendary base for the activities of Robin Hood, the medieval robber and popular hero—and the forest court was held in the town’s Moot

Mansfield, town (township), Tolland county, northeastern Connecticut, U.S. It lies just north of Willimantic city. Settled in 1686, it was originally part of Windham, known as Ponde Town. In 1702 it was incorporated as a separate town and renamed for Major Moses Mansfield, an early settler. A busy

C.K. Stead: The historical novels Mansfield, with writer Katherine Mansfield as its subject, and My Name Was Judas were published in 2004 and 2006, respectively. In 2012 he issued Risk, set during the global financial crisis. The Necessary Angel (2017) follows academics in Paris. Stead reminisced about his own early…

Mansfield, city, seat (1808) of Richland county, north-central Ohio, U.S., about 65 miles (105 km) northeast of Columbus, on a fork of the Mohican River. Laid out in 1808, it was named for Jared Mansfield, U.S. surveyor general. The arrival of the Mansfield and Sandusky Railroad (1846), followed by

Mansfield: Mansfield was the chief town of Sherwood Forest—the legendary base for the activities of Robin Hood, the medieval robber and popular hero—and the forest court was held in the town’s Moot Hall (built 1752).

Mansfield Park, novel by English writer Jane Austen, published in three volumes in 1814. It is believed to be set primarily in rural Northamptonshire, England. In its tone and discussion of religion and religious duty, pretension, and propriety, it is the most serious of Austen’s novels. The

Mansfield Park: Adaptations: However, in a 1999 film based on the novel, director Patricia Rozema deviated from Fanny’s characterization, presenting her as more confident and gutsy, irking some Austen aficionados. The 2007 TV adaptation directed by Iain B. MacDonald is a much-curtailed version of the story in one and a half…

Arabella Mansfield was an American educator who was the first woman admitted to the legal profession in the United States. Belle Babb graduated from Iowa Wesleyan University in 1866 (by which time she was known as Arabella). She then taught political science, English, and history at Simpson College

William Murray, 1st earl of Mansfield was the chief justice of the King’s Bench of Great Britain from 1756 to 1788, who made important contributions to commercial law. William Murray was the son of the 5th Viscount Stormont. Educated at Perth grammar school, Westminster School, and Christ Church,

In the 1950s no American actress epitomized the archetype of the “blonde bombshell” better than Jayne Mansfield, with the exception of Marilyn Monroe. Sometimes promoted as Monroe’s rival by their film studio, Twentieth Century–Fox, Mansfield rocketed to fame as a gifted comedic actress in movies

Battle of Antietam: The Civil War’s bloodiest day: Joseph Mansfield) followed Hooker across the upper stream while McClellan’s left wing (Maj. Gen. Ambrose Burnside’s IX corps) drew up opposite Lee’s extreme right. McClellan, fearing a counterattack from a phantom Confederate juggernaut, intended to hold back his centre while pressuring Lee’s flanks. In practice,…

Katherine Mansfield was a New Zealand-born English master of the short story, who evolved a distinctive prose style with many overtones of poetry. Her delicate stories, focused upon psychological conflicts, have an obliqueness of narration and a subtlety of observation that reveal the influence of

Michael Mansfield was a Democratic politician who was the longest-serving majority leader in the U.S. Senate (1961–77). He also served as U.S. ambassador to Japan from 1977 to 1988. Reared by relatives in Montana, Mansfield dropped out of school before completing the eighth grade. He enlisted in

Michael Mansfield was a Democratic politician who was the longest-serving majority leader in the U.S. Senate (1961–77). He also served as U.S. ambassador to Japan from 1977 to 1988. Reared by relatives in Montana, Mansfield dropped out of school before completing the eighth grade. He enlisted in

Mount Mansfield, highest point (4,393 feet [1,339 metres]) in Vermont, U.S., standing 20 miles (30 km) northeast of Burlington in the Green Mountains, a segment of the Appalachian Mountains. Mount Mansfield is actually a series of summits that together resemble the profile of a face. Individual

Richard Mansfield was one of the last of the great Romantic actors in the United States. Mansfield was born while his mother was on a concert tour, and until 1872, when they arrived for the first time in New York City, she continued tours of England and the Continent. In the United States young

Sir Peter Mansfield was an English physicist who, with American chemist Paul Lauterbur, won the 2003 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for the development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a computerized scanning technology that produces images of internal body structures, especially those

William Cavendish, 1st duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne was a Royalist commander during the English Civil Wars and a noted patron of poets, dramatists, and other writers. The son of Sir Charles Cavendish, he attended St. John’s College, Cambridge, and through inheritances and royal favour became

William Cavendish, 1st duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne was a Royalist commander during the English Civil Wars and a noted patron of poets, dramatists, and other writers. The son of Sir Charles Cavendish, he attended St. John’s College, Cambridge, and through inheritances and royal favour became

William Murray, 1st earl of Mansfield was the chief justice of the King’s Bench of Great Britain from 1756 to 1788, who made important contributions to commercial law. William Murray was the son of the 5th Viscount Stormont. Educated at Perth grammar school, Westminster School, and Christ Church,

William Murray, 1st earl of Mansfield was the chief justice of the King’s Bench of Great Britain from 1756 to 1788, who made important contributions to commercial law. William Murray was the son of the 5th Viscount Stormont. Educated at Perth grammar school, Westminster School, and Christ Church,

mansfieldite, arsenate mineral (AlAsO4·2H2O) similar to scorodite

Paul Manship was an American sculptor whose subjects and modern generalized style were largely inspired by classical sculpture. He is particularly well known for his large public commissions. Trained in the United States, Manship received a scholarship in 1909 to study at the American Academy in

Khanty and Mansi: Mansi, western Siberian peoples, living mainly in the Ob River basin of central Russia. They each speak an Ob-Ugric language of the Finno-Ugric branch of the Uralic languages. Together they numbered some 30,000 in the late 20th century. They are descended from people from the…

Ob-Ugric languages: …Uralic language family, comprising the Mansi (Vogul) and Khanty (Ostyak) languages; they are most closely related to Hungarian, with which they make up the Ugric branch of Finno-Ugric. The Ob-Ugric languages are spoken in the region of the Ob and Irtysh rivers in central Russia. They had no written tradition…

Sonal Mansingh is a dancer of odissi, a classical Indian dance form that originated in Orissa, and other Indian classical forms. Apart from being a dancer, she is also a teacher, researcher, choreographer, and social activist. Mansingh’s initial lessons in dance were in manipuri and bharata natyam

mansion, scenic device used in medieval theatrical staging. Individual mansions represented different locales in biblical stories and in scenes from the life of Christ as performed in churches. A mansion consisted of a small booth containing a stage with corner posts supporting a canopy and

Mansion House, official residence of the lord mayor of the City of London. It stands in the City’s central financial district, across from the Bank of England and the Royal Exchange. Notable sections of the house include the dining room known as the Egyptian Hall, the second-story Ball Room, and

The Mansion, novel by William Faulkner, first published in 1959 as the third volume of his Snopes trilogy. The rapacious Snopes family meets its final dissolution in The Mansion. In the two previous volumes, The Hamlet (1940) and The Town (1957), Faulkner had described the ascent of ruthless Flem

Gilberto Freyre: The Mansions and the Shanties), Brazil: An Interpretation (1945; rev. and enlarged as New World in the Tropics, 1980), Nordeste (1937; “The Northeast”), and Ordem e progresso (1959; Order and Progress). Sobrados e mucambos traces the processes of urbanization and the decline of the rural…

Mansions in the Mountains, ink and color painting on silk created by the 10th-century Chinese artist Dong Yuan. The scroll exemplifies the elegance of his brush painting, a style that became the standard in China for the next nine centuries. Dong Yuan was active in what is now the province of

Mansions in the Mountains, ink and color painting on silk created by the 10th-century Chinese artist Dong Yuan. The scroll exemplifies the elegance of his brush painting, a style that became the standard in China for the next nine centuries. Dong Yuan was active in what is now the province of

manslaughter, in Anglo-American criminal law, a category of criminal homicide that generally carries a lesser penalty than the crime of murder. Different legal systems use different criteria to distinguish the kinds and degrees of unjustified killing. See

bullfighting: Act one: …the uninitiated, often is a manso.

Mortes River, river in central Brazil. It rises east of Cuiabá city and flows east-northeastward across the Mato Grosso Plateau. East of the Roncador Uplands and above the town of São Félix, it turns north-northeastward and empties into the Araguaia River, a principal affluent of the Tocantins. Its

Mansôa, town located near the source of the Mansôa River in central Guinea-Bissau. The area around Mansôa is agricultural, with rice predominating in the western coastal areas, palm in the central and eastern coastal areas, and mixed forest in the northeast. The town is connected by road to Bissau,

Mansôa: …near the source of the Mansôa River in central Guinea-Bissau. The area around Mansôa is agricultural, with rice predominating in the western coastal areas, palm in the central and eastern coastal areas, and mixed forest in the northeast. The town is connected by road to Bissau, the national capital. Pop.…

Korean literature: Oral literature: …Ch’ŏmjikuk; “Old Pak’s Play”) and Mansŏk chung nori. Both titles are derived from names of characters in the plays. No theory has been formulated as to the origin and development of these plays. The plots of the puppet plays, like those of the mask plays, are full of satiric social…

Manson Family, cult and criminal organization active in California, U.S., in the late 1960s, led by Charles Manson. The Manson Family was made famous by the Tate-LaBianca murders, a series of gruesome killings carried out by several followers under orders from Manson. The Family—who practiced free

schistosomiasis: Types and process of infection: (2) Manson’s, or intestinal, schistosomiasis is caused by S. mansoni, found in Africa, the Middle East, the Caribbean, and northern South America. (3) Vesical, or urinary, schistosomiasis is caused by S. haematobium, found throughout Africa and the Middle East.

Charles Manson was an American criminal and cult leader whose followers carried out several notorious murders. Their most famous victim was actress Sharon Tate, wife of film director Roman Polanski, who was killed in her Los Angeles home along with four others on August 8–9, 1969. The following

Marilyn Manson is an American singer, songwriter, actor, and artist best known as the lead vocalist of the rock band Marilyn Manson, which he cofounded with guitarist Scott Putesky in 1989. The band became popular for its blend of industrial rock, glam rock, and alternative metal and for its

Sir Patrick Manson was a British parasitologist who founded the field of tropical medicine. He was the first to discover (1877–79) that an insect (mosquito) can be host to a developing parasite (the worm Filaria bancrofti) that is the cause of a human disease (filariasis, which occurs when the

filariasis: Types of filariasis: …caused by Acanthocheilonema perstans and Mansonella ozzardi and are not in most cases associated with specific symptoms. The prevention of filariasis relies heavily on insecticides and insect repellents.

Egypt: The June 30 Revolution: …of the Supreme Constitutional Court, Adly Mansour. As Mansour was tasked with implementing the military’s transition road map, however, it was clear that he ultimately answered to Sisi.

Tlemcen: …established the fortified camp of Mansoura 1.5 miles (2.4 km) west of Tlemcen as a base from which to besiege the town. Tlemcen was periodically besieged by the Marīnids throughout the 14th century, but during times of truce the rulers of the town worked on its architectural adornment and developed…

Olaus Magnus was a Swedish ecclesiastic and author of an influential history of Scandinavia. A Catholic priest, he went to Rome in 1523, during the Swedish Reformation, and thereafter lived in exile, first in Danzig and later in Italy, with his brother Archbishop Johannes Magnus, on whose death he

Erich von Manstein was perhaps the most talented German field commander in World War II. The son of an artillery general, he was adopted by General Georg von Manstein after the untimely death of his parents. Manstein began his active career as an officer in 1906 and served in World War I on both

chess: Studies: The first studies, called manṣūbāt and dating from Arabic and Persian manuscripts, were intended to instruct players on how to win endgames. Themes of instructional studies, such as the pursuit of more than one aim at a time, are often used in practical play to turn what otherwise would…

Helmut Jahn: The Mansueto Library (2011) that he designed for the University of Chicago campus gave further evidence of his melding of design and engineering. The elliptical tear-shaped glass-and-steel structure provided a light-filled reading room that disguised several stories of underground book storage and a state-of-the-art robotic book-retrieval…

Manṣūr was a leading member of the 17th-century Jahāngīr studio of Mughal painters, famed for his animal and bird studies. The emperor Jahāngīr honoured him with the title Nādir al-ʿAsr (“Wonder of the Age”), and in his memoirs Jahāngīr praises Manṣūr as “unique in his generation” in the art of

Moẓaffarid Dynasty: …and killing its last ruler, Manṣūr (reigned 1384–93).

al-Bahūtī was a teacher and the last major exponent in Egypt of the Ḥanbalī school of Islamic law. Little is known about al-Bahūtī except that he spent nearly all of his life teaching and practicing Ḥanbalī law. His legal writings, although not original, are noted for their clarity and are still

Qalāʾūn was a Mamlūk sultan of Egypt (1279–90), the founder of a dynasty that ruled that country for a century. In the 1250s Qalāʾūn was an early and devoted supporter of the Mamlūk commander Baybars, and, after the latter became sultan of Egypt and Syria in 1260, Qalāʾūn’s career advanced rapidly.

sultanate of Malacca: …of the next three rulers—Sultans Mansur Shah, reigned about 1459–77; Alaʾud-din, 1477–88; and Mahmud Shah, 1488–1511, all of whom were related to him—and pursuing an aggressive foreign policy that saw the sultanate established as a tributary empire embracing the whole of the Malay Peninsula and much of eastern Sumatra. At…

Ferdowsī was a Persian poet, author of the Shāh-nāmeh (“Book of Kings”), the Persian national epic, to which he gave a final and enduring form, although he based his poem mainly on an earlier prose version. Ferdowsī was born in a village on the outskirts of the ancient city of Ṭūs. In the course of

Abū Yūsuf Yaʿqūb al-Manṣūr was the third ruler of the Muʾminid dynasty of Spain and North Africa, who during his reign (1184–99) brought the power of his dynasty to its zenith. When his father, Abū Yaʿqūb Yūsuf, died on July 29, 1184, Abū Yūsuf Yaʿqūb succeeded to the throne with minor

Abū ʿĀmir al-Manṣūr was the chief minister and virtual ruler of the Umayyad caliphate of Córdoba for 24 years (978–1002). Manṣūr was descended from a member of the Arab army that conquered Spain. He began his career as a professional letter writer, becoming the protégé (and supposedly the lover) of

Baghdad: Districts: Chief among these is Al-Manṣūr, surrounding the racetrack, which provides boutiques, fast-food restaurants, and sidewalk cafés that appeal to its affluent professional residents. These areas were the most heavily developed sections of the city under the Baʿathist regime of Saddam Hussein. Al-Karkh in particular was the centre of Baʿathist…

al-Manṣūr was the second caliph of the ʿAbbāsid dynasty (754–775), generally regarded as the real founder of the ʿAbbāsid caliphate. He established the capital city at Baghdad (762–763). Al-Manṣūr was born at Al-Ḥumaymah, the home of the ʿAbbāsid family after their emigration from the Hejaz in

Afṭasid dynasty: …Maslamah, who was known as Ibn al-Afṭas, seized control of the kingdom and, assuming the title Al-Manṣūr Billāh (“Victorious by God”), ruled fairly peacefully until 1045. But trouble with the neighbouring ʿAbbādids of Sevilla (Seville), which had begun at the end of al-Manṣūr’s rule, consumed the energies of his son…

Najāḥid Dynasty: …to Jayyāsh, his grandson al-Manṣūr was installed in Zabīd c. 1111 by the Ṣulayḥids as their vassal. Manṣūr was poisoned in 1123 by his Mamlūk vizier Mann Allāh, who proceeded to fight off an attempted invasion by the Fāṭimids of Egypt and to reduce the Najāḥid ruler to a…

Abū ʿĀmir al-Manṣūr was the chief minister and virtual ruler of the Umayyad caliphate of Córdoba for 24 years (978–1002). Manṣūr was descended from a member of the Arab army that conquered Spain. He began his career as a professional letter writer, becoming the protégé (and supposedly the lover) of

Al-Manṣūrah, capital of Al-Daqahliyyah muḥāfaẓah (governorate), on the east bank of the Damietta Branch of the Nile River delta, Lower Egypt. It originated in 1219 ce as the camp of al-Malik al-Kāmil, nephew of Saladin (Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn). It was occupied briefly by Crusaders, who in 1250 were decimated

Al-Manṣūrah, capital of Al-Daqahliyyah muḥāfaẓah (governorate), on the east bank of the Damietta Branch of the Nile River delta, Lower Egypt. It originated in 1219 ce as the camp of al-Malik al-Kāmil, nephew of Saladin (Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn). It was occupied briefly by Crusaders, who in 1250 were decimated

Cairo, city, capital of Egypt, and one of the largest cities in Africa. Cairo has stood for more than 1,000 years on the same site on the banks of the Nile, primarily on the eastern shore, some 500 miles (800 km) downstream from the Aswan High Dam. Located in the northeast of the country, Cairo is

Manta, port city, western Ecuador, on Manta Bay. Originally known as Jocay (“Golden Doors”), it was inhabited by 3000 bce and was a Manta Indian capital by 1200 ce. Under Spanish rule it was renamed Manta and was reorganized by the conquistador Francisco Pancheco in 1535. In 1565 families from

manta ray: …(2 feet) across, but the Atlantic manta, or giant devil ray (Manta birostris), the largest of the family, may grow to more than 7 metres (23 feet) wide. The Atlantic manta is a well-known species, brown or black in colour and very powerful but inoffensive. It does not, old tales…

manta ray, any of several genera of marine rays comprising the family Mobulidae (class Selachii). Flattened and wider than they are long, manta rays have fleshy enlarged pectoral fins that look like wings; extensions of those fins, looking like a devil’s horns, project as the cephalic fins from the

Palawan: …entire 270-mile (434-km) length, with Mount Mantalingajan (6,840 feet [2,085 metres]) in the south as its highest peak. The archipelago off the southern tip that includes the Balabac and Bugsuk island groups is a remnant of a land bridge that connected Palawan and the island of Borneo during the Pleistocene…

Oceanic art and architecture: The Admiralty Islands: …of the Admiralty Islands; the Matankor, who lived on the small islands to the north, east, and southeast of Manus; and the largest group, the Manus, who lived on the southern coast of Manus as well as on some offshore islands. Each group relied on the others for some items…

Southern Africa: The Mfengu and the Mantatee: The upheaval affected the southern chiefdoms and rebellious tributaries attacked by Shaka as far away as Pondoland. Many of the refugees fled either into the eastern Cape or west onto the Highveld, although their precise number is a matter of dispute. In both areas…

Latin jazz: …produced the 1947 hit “Manteca,” which quickly became a standard of the jazz repertoire.

Montego Bay, city, northwestern Jamaica, about 85 miles (140 km) northwest of Kingston. It lies on the site of a Taino village visited by Christopher Columbus in 1494. Its original Spanish name, Bahía de Manteca (“Butter Bay”), probably recalls its early function as a lard (“hog’s butter”) centre.

Andrea Mantegna was a painter and engraver, the first fully Renaissance artist of northern Italy. His best known surviving work is the Camera degli Sposi (“Room of the Bride and Groom”), or Camera Picta (“Painted Room”) (1474), in the Palazzo Ducale of Mantua, for which he developed a

mantel, hood or other similar projection, usually ornamented, that surrounds the opening of a fireplace and directs smoke up to the chimney flue. See

Hilary Mantel: …released a volume of essays, Mantel Pieces: Royal Bodies and Other Writing from the London Review of Books (2020).

Hilary Mantel was an English writer known for her bleakly comic, socially probing novels set in a wide range of contemporary and historical milieus. Her most notable work was a trilogy based on the life of Thomas Cromwell: Wolf Hall (2009), Bring Up the Bodies (2012), and The Mirror & the Light

Hilary Mantel was an English writer known for her bleakly comic, socially probing novels set in a wide range of contemporary and historical milieus. Her most notable work was a trilogy based on the life of Thomas Cromwell: Wolf Hall (2009), Bring Up the Bodies (2012), and The Mirror & the Light

Gideon Algernon Mantell was a British physician, geologist, and paleontologist, who discovered four of the five genera of dinosaurs known during his time. Mantell studied the paleontology of the Mesozoic Era, particularly in Sussex, a region he made famous in the history of geological discovery. He

Servite: …includes sisters, traditionally known as Mantellate Sisters, engaged in many active works, and nuns devoted entirely to prayer within the monastery.

frog and toad: Annotated classification: Family Mantellidae No fossil record; 8 presacral vertebrae; vertebral column procoelous; intercalary cartilages present; 3 tarsals; aquatic larvae; 3 genera, 61 species; adult size 2–12 cm (1–5 inches). Madagascar. Family Microhylidae Miocene to present; 8 presacral vertebrae; vertebrae procoelous or diplasiocoelous; intercalary cartilages usually absent;