lungless salamander, (family Plethodontidae), any of more than 370 species of lungless amphibians dependent largely on cutaneous respiration (gas exchange through moistened skin). Plethodontidae is the largest group of salamanders, and its members occur predominantly in the Americas from southern

Silurian Period: Platform margins: The Longmaqi Formation of the Yangtze platform in South China is one such shale body, which indicates the base of the Silurian System throughout parts of Yunnan, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Hubei, Hunan, and Guizhou provinces. As much as 500 metres (1,640 feet) thick in places, these shales…

lung, in air-breathing vertebrates, either of the two large organs of respiration located in the chest cavity and responsible for adding oxygen to and removing carbon dioxide from the blood. In humans each lung is encased in a thin membranous sac called the pleura, and each is connected with the

Florence Welch: …and the group’s debut album, Lungs (2009), topped the U.K. charts. Florence + the Machine collected the award for the British album of the year at the 2010 Brit Awards, and a spellbinding performance at the 2010 MTV Video Music Awards introduced Welch to an American audience and propelled Lungs…

Zambia: Zambia in the 21st century: Edgar Lungu, the PF candidate, won with 48.3 percent of the vote, just slightly more than the 46.7 percent garnered by his nearest competitor, Hakainde Hichilema of the United Party for National Development (UPND). Lungu was sworn in as president on January 25.

Lungwebungu River, largest headwater tributary of the Zambezi River, in southwest central Africa. It rises in the central plateau of Angola as the Lungué-Bungo River to flow east and southeast into Zambia. There it joins the Zambezi 65 miles (105 km) north of Mongu, after a course of 400 miles (645

Lungwebungu River, largest headwater tributary of the Zambezi River, in southwest central Africa. It rises in the central plateau of Angola as the Lungué-Bungo River to flow east and southeast into Zambia. There it joins the Zambezi 65 miles (105 km) north of Mongu, after a course of 400 miles (645

lungworm, any of the parasitic worms of the superfamily Metastrongyloidea (phylum Nematoda) that infest the lungs and air passages of mammals, including dolphins and whales. Examples include those of the genus Metastrongylus that live in pigs and those of the genus Dictyocaulus that live in sheep

lungwort, any plant of the genus Pulmonaria of the family Boraginaceae, especially P. officinalis, an herbaceous, hairy perennial plant, widespread in open woods and thickets of Europe. It is grown as a garden flower for its drooping, pink flowers that turn blue and for its often white-spotted

tree lungwort, (Lobaria pulmonaria), a lichen that, because of its physical resemblance to the lungs, was once used to treat tuberculosis, pneumonia, and other lung diseases. Its elongated, forked thallus (12 to 18 centimetres), loosely attached at one end, is dark green when wet and greenish brown

Luni River, river in Rajasthan state, western India. Rising on the western slopes of the Aravalli Range near Ajmer, where it is known as the Sagarmati, the river flows generally southwestward through the hills and across the plains of the region. It then enters a patch of desert before it finally

Luni River, river in Rajasthan state, western India. Rising on the western slopes of the Aravalli Range near Ajmer, where it is known as the Sagarmati, the river flows generally southwestward through the hills and across the plains of the region. It then enters a patch of desert before it finally

Lüneburg, city, Lower Saxony Land (state), north-central Germany. It lies on the Ilmenau River at the northeastern edge of the Lüneburg Heath (Lüneburger Heide), 30 miles (50 km) south of Hamburg. Known as Luniburc in ad 956, it expanded in the 12th century under Henry the Lion, duke of Saxony. It

calendar: The Near East and the Middle East: The lunisolar calendar, in which months are lunar but years are solar—that is, are brought into line with the course of the Sun—was used in the early civilizations of the whole Middle East, except Egypt, and in Greece. The formula was probably invented in Mesopotamia in…

Sir Arnold Lunn was a British slalom skier and international authority on skiing who in 1922 introduced slalom gates (paired poles between which the skier must pass on his downward descent) and thereby created the modern Alpine slalom race. Lunn was introduced to skiing as a boy by his father, a

human intelligence: Cognitive theories: Hunt, Nancy Frost, and Clifford E. Lunneborg, who in 1973 showed one way in which psychometrics and cognitive modeling could be combined. Instead of starting with conventional psychometric tests, they began with tasks that experimental psychologists were using in their laboratories to study the basic phenomena of cognition, such…

Lunsar, town, west-central Sierra Leone, western Africa. A traditional trade centre of the Marampa–Masimera chiefdom for rice and palm oil and kernels, it developed after 1933 with the exploitation of iron ore, mined at Marampa, 4 miles (6 km) east. The Marampa mine closed down in 1975. The town

Lunt and Fontanne, American husband-and-wife acting team who performed together in more than two dozen theatrical productions, from Sweet Nell of Old Drury (1923) to The Visit (1958). Alfred Lunt (b. Aug. 19, 1892, Milwaukee, Wis., U.S.—d. Aug. 3, 1977, Chicago, Ill.) and Lynn Fontanne (original

Lunt and Fontanne: Lunt attended Carroll College (Waukesha, Wis.) and Harvard College but left school for an acting career, making his debut in a Boston repertory company in 1912 and thereafter taking several dramatic and vaudeville roles; these culminated in a critical success in the title role of…

sand dollar: …five or six slots, or lunules, through the test (external skeleton). Most sand dollars measure from 5 to 10 cm (2 to 4 inches) in diameter. Species of comparable size occur in shallow coastal waters throughout the rest of the world, except in Europe and Antarctica.

Lunyu, one of four texts of Confucianism that, when published together in 1190 by the Neo-Confucian philosopher Zhu Xi, became the great Chinese classic known as Sishu (“Four Books”). Lunyu has been translated into English as The Analects of Confucius. Lunyu is considered by scholars to be the most

Lin Yutang: In 1932 Lin established the Lunyu banyuekan (“Analects Fortnightly”), a type of Western-style satirical magazine totally new to China at that time. It was highly successful, and he soon introduced two more publications. In 1935 Lin published the first of his many English-language books, My Country and My People. It…

luo, any of several sizes and styles of Chinese gong. The most common luo are characteristically round and convex in shape, with edges that are turned toward the back. They come in many sizes and may be played singly or in groups; small luo of different sizes (and therefore pitches) may be hung

Luo, people living among several Bantu-speaking peoples in the flat country near Lake Victoria in western Kenya and northern Tanzania. More than four million strong, the Luo constitute the fourth largest ethnic group in Kenya (about one-tenth of the population) after the Kikuyu (with whom they

Luo Guanzhong was a Chinese writer who traditionally has been credited as the author of the novels Sanguozhi yanyi (Romance of the Three Kingdoms) and Shuihuzhuan (Water Margin, or All Men Are Brothers), which are classics of Chinese literature. Little is known with confidence about Luo’s life. His

Luo Guanzhong was a Chinese writer who traditionally has been credited as the author of the novels Sanguozhi yanyi (Romance of the Three Kingdoms) and Shuihuzhuan (Water Margin, or All Men Are Brothers), which are classics of Chinese literature. Little is known with confidence about Luo’s life. His

Luo Guanzhong was a Chinese writer who traditionally has been credited as the author of the novels Sanguozhi yanyi (Romance of the Three Kingdoms) and Shuihuzhuan (Water Margin, or All Men Are Brothers), which are classics of Chinese literature. Little is known with confidence about Luo’s life. His

Luo Guanzhong was a Chinese writer who traditionally has been credited as the author of the novels Sanguozhi yanyi (Romance of the Three Kingdoms) and Shuihuzhuan (Water Margin, or All Men Are Brothers), which are classics of Chinese literature. Little is known with confidence about Luo’s life. His

monk fruit, (Siraitia grosvenorii), perennial, herbaceous, tuberous vine found in the humid subtropical mountain forests of southern China, where it is native. It occurs mainly in Guangxi, Hunan, Jiangxi, Guangdong, and Guizhou provinces. The fruit of this plant has both medicinal and culinary

Nilo-Saharan languages: The diffusion of Nilo-Saharan languages: …Dinka (South Sudan), Kalenjin (Kenya), Luo (mainly in Kenya and Tanzania), and Teso (Uganda and Kenya). Of these, only Kanuri is a lingua franca in the proper sense.

Henan: Drainage: …comparatively small tributaries: the right-bank Luo River, on which Luoyang stands, and the left-bank Qin River.

Lop Nur, former saline lake in northwestern China that is now a salt-encrusted lake bed. It lies within the Tarim Basin of the eastern Takla Makan Desert, in the Uygur Autonomous Region of Xinjiang, and is one of the most barren areas of China. The former lake, occupying roughly 770 square miles

Chinese literature: Poetry: Luofuxing (“The Song of Luofu”; also called Moshangsang, “Roadside Mulberry Tree”) recounts how a pretty young lady declined a carriage ride offered her by a government commissioner. The most outstanding folk ballad of this period is Kongque dongnanfei (“Southeast the Peacock Flies”). The longest poem…

luogu, Chinese percussion ensemble composed of a variety of instruments, including—in addition to an assortment of gongs and drums—cymbals, bells, and woodblocks. The luogu accompanies parades, folk dances, and theatre. Luogu also are present to accompany the popular lion dance held during the

Luohe, city, central Henan sheng (province), east-central China. It is situated on the Sha River, which flows southeastward to the Huai River, at the point where it is crossed by the main Beijing-Guangzhou (Canton) railway. It is a focus not only for rail and river transport but also for the local

Vancouver Canucks: …left wing Markus Naslund, goaltender Roberto Luongo, and identical-twin forwards Daniel and Henrik Sedin, the Canucks failed to advance beyond the second round of the playoffs over that span. In 2010–11 Vancouver captured the Presidents’ Trophy for posting the NHL’s best regular-season record that season, which the team followed by…

Luorawetlan languages, family of languages including Chukchi, Koryak, Itelmen, Aliutor, and Kerek, spoken in northeastern Siberia. The Luorawetlan language family is placed with the Yeniseian languages, Yukaghir, and Nivkh within the Paleo-Siberian languages, which are not genetically related. The

Chukchi, people inhabiting the northeasternmost part of Siberia, the Chukotskiy (Chukotka) autonomous okrug (district) in Russia. They numbered 14,000 in the late 20th century and are divided into two chief subgroups, reindeer Chukchi and maritime Chukchi. The reindeer Chukchi inhabit the interior

Luorawetlan languages, family of languages including Chukchi, Koryak, Itelmen, Aliutor, and Kerek, spoken in northeastern Siberia. The Luorawetlan language family is placed with the Yeniseian languages, Yukaghir, and Nivkh within the Paleo-Siberian languages, which are not genetically related. The

Chinese literature: 1927–37: …denizen of China’s “lower depths”—Luotuo Xiangzi (1936; “Camel Xiangzi,” published in English in a bowdlerized translation as Rickshaw Boy, 1945).

Luoyang, city, northwestern Henan sheng (province), east-central China. It was important in history as the capital of nine ruling dynasties and as a Buddhist centre. The contemporary city is divided into an east town and a west town. Luoyi (present-day Luoyang) was founded in the mid-11th century

Chinese literature: Prose: …mention: Yang Xuanzhi, author of Luoyang Jialanji (“Record of Buddhist Temples in Luoyang”), and Li Daoyuan, author of Shuijingzhu (“Commentary on the Water Classic”). Although both of these works seem to have been planned to serve a practical, utilitarian purpose, they are magnificent records of contemporary developments and charming storehouses…

James Murdoch: Instead, he founded Lupa Systems, an investment firm. In 2020 Murdoch resigned from the board of News Corp, stating that it was “due to disagreements over certain editorial content published by the Company’s news outlets and certain other strategic decisions.” He later accused News Corp of spreading “disinformation”…

pre-Columbian civilizations: The highlands and the low countries: The Lupaca (Lupaqa), an Aymara-speaking polity whose political center was located on the puna on the shores of Lake Titicaca, controlled outliers on both slopes.

Moldova: The arts: …poetry of Emilian Bucov and Andrei Lupan, who followed the principles of Socialist Realism; later they and younger writers diversified their techniques and subject matter. Perhaps the most outstanding modern writer is the dramatist and novelist Ion Druța. His novel Balade de câmpie (1963; “Ballads of the Steppes”), an investigation…

pre-Columbian civilizations: The highlands and the low countries: The Lupaca (Lupaqa), an Aymara-speaking polity whose political center was located on the puna on the shores of Lake Titicaca, controlled outliers on both slopes.

Zambezi River: Physiography: …the river has cut the Lupata Gorge through a range of hills, where it emerges onto the Mozambique Plain and occupies a broad valley that spreads out in places to a width of three to five miles. Near Vila Fontes the river receives its last great tributary, the Shire River,…

Andy Warhol: …Little Rich Girl (1965) and Lupe (1966), both of which featured Edie Sedgwick.

Lupemban industry, a sub-Saharan African stone tool industry dating from the late Pleistocene, beginning about 40,000 years ago. The Lupemban industry was derived from and replaced the Sangoan industry, which is found in forested areas of sub-Saharan Africa. The Lupemban industry is characterized

Lupemban industry, a sub-Saharan African stone tool industry dating from the late Pleistocene, beginning about 40,000 years ago. The Lupemban industry was derived from and replaced the Sangoan industry, which is found in forested areas of sub-Saharan Africa. The Lupemban industry is characterized

Lupercalia, ancient Roman festival that was conducted annually on February 15 under the superintendence of a corporation of priests called Luperci. The origins of the festival are obscure, although the likely derivation of its name from lupus (Latin: “wolf”) has variously suggested connection with

Lupercalia: …a corporation of priests called Luperci. The origins of the festival are obscure, although the likely derivation of its name from lupus (Latin: “wolf”) has variously suggested connection with an ancient deity who protected herds from wolves and with the legendary she-wolf who nursed Romulus and Remus. As a fertility…

Magda Lupescu was a Romanian adventurer who, as mistress of King Carol II of Romania, exerted a wide-ranging influence on Romanian public affairs during the 1930s. The facts concerning her early life are uncertain, but it is known that her father was Jewish and her mother Roman Catholic. She was

AS Roma, Italian professional football (soccer) team based in Rome. AS Roma has been an almost constant presence in Italy’s top league, Serie A, throughout its history. It is one of the best-supported teams in the country. AS Roma was founded in 1927 and joined Serie A upon the league’s formation

lupine, (genus Lupinus), genus of about 200 species of herbaceous and partly woody plants in the pea family (Fabaceae). Lupines are widely distributed in the Mediterranean area but are especially numerous on the prairies of western North America. Many are grown as ornamentals for their attractive

Arsène Lupin, fictional character in stories and novels by Maurice Leblanc. The debonair Lupin is a reformed thief, a criminal genius who has turned detective. The police are not convinced of his change of heart and often suspect him when a daring robbery occurs. Among the actors who have played

lupine, (genus Lupinus), genus of about 200 species of herbaceous and partly woody plants in the pea family (Fabaceae). Lupines are widely distributed in the Mediterranean area but are especially numerous on the prairies of western North America. Many are grown as ornamentals for their attractive

Lupino family, one of England’s most celebrated theatrical families. The earliest traceable Lupino—who spelled his name Luppino—flourished probably in Italy, c. 1612, and billed himself as Signor Luppino. His descendant George William (1632–93), a singer, reciter, and puppet master, went to England

Lupino family: His two brothers, Arthur (1864–1908) and Henry Charles (1865–1925; called Harry), were well-known music-hall performers at the turn of the century. Arthur, an incomparable animal impersonator, was chosen by Sir James Barrie to be Nana, the dog, in the premiere (1904) of his play Peter Pan.

Lupino family: Of George Lupino’s children, Barry (1884–1962), besides being an actor, was the family archivist and Stanley (1894–1942) was a popular comedian who played variety for several years at the Drury Lane Theatre, London. Barry Lupino served some years as company comedian at the Britannia and then made extensive tours…

Lupino family: …was George Hook’s eldest son, George (1853–1932), born in a dressing room of the Theatre Royal, Birmingham, who was immediately carried onto the stage in swaddling clothes. He died at the age of 79, shortly after his last performance as the clown in a harlequinade, with his son Barry as…

Lupino family: George Hook Lupino (1820–1902) had 16 children, at least 10 of whom became professional dancers, two marrying into the family of the well-known actress Sara Lane, manager (1871–99) of the Britannia Theatre, London. Almost the last of the old-style clowns was George Hook’s eldest son,…

Lupino family: …two brothers, Arthur (1864–1908) and Henry Charles (1865–1925; called Harry), were well-known music-hall performers at the turn of the century. Arthur, an incomparable animal impersonator, was chosen by Sir James Barrie to be Nana, the dog, in the premiere (1904) of his play Peter Pan.

Lupino family: …two brothers, Arthur (1864–1908) and Henry Charles (1865–1925; called Harry), were well-known music-hall performers at the turn of the century. Arthur, an incomparable animal impersonator, was chosen by Sir James Barrie to be Nana, the dog, in the premiere (1904) of his play Peter Pan.

Lupino family: …under the stage name of Lupino Lane. Lane became a well-known cockney comedian and toured extensively in variety, musical comedy, and pantomime. In 1937 he scored a tremendous success as Bill Snibson in the British musical Me and My Girl, in which he created the “Lambeth walk,” a ballroom dance…

Ida Lupino was an English-born American film and television actress, director, and screenwriter who first gained fame through her portrayals of strong, worldly-wise characters and went on to become one of the first women to direct films in Hollywood. Lupino was born into one of England’s

Lupino family: …was the family archivist and Stanley (1894–1942) was a popular comedian who played variety for several years at the Drury Lane Theatre, London. Barry Lupino served some years as company comedian at the Britannia and then made extensive tours that included Australia (1913), South Africa, and the Far East. He…

lupine, (genus Lupinus), genus of about 200 species of herbaceous and partly woody plants in the pea family (Fabaceae). Lupines are widely distributed in the Mediterranean area but are especially numerous on the prairies of western North America. Many are grown as ornamentals for their attractive

lupine: Major species: White lupine, or wolf bean (L. albus), is cultivated for forage and as a cover crop to increase soil nitrogen.

seed: Dormancy and life span of seeds: …the arctic tundra lupine (Lupinus arcticus) found in a frozen lemming burrow with animal remains established to be at least 10,000 years old germinated within 48 hours when returned to favourable conditions. The problem of differential seed viability has been approached experimentally by various workers, one of whom buried…

lupine: Major species: Spreading lupine (L. diffusus) and lady lupine (L. villosus) are distributed throughout the southern United States. Bigleaf lupine (L. polyphyllus), from the Pacific Northwest, is an invasive species in parts of Europe and New Zealand, where its ornamental Russell hybrids have escaped cultivation.

lupine: Major species: Sundial lupine (L. perennis), with blue flower spikes, is found in dry open woods and fields of eastern North America. Spreading lupine (L. diffusus) and lady lupine (L. villosus) are distributed throughout the southern United States. Bigleaf lupine (L. polyphyllus), from the Pacific Northwest, is…

David Douglas: Legacy and honors: …currant (Ribes sanguineum), and the bigleaf lupine (Lupinus polyphyllus). About 80 species of animals and plants are named for him, which include the Douglas fir and the Douglas squirrel (Tamiasciurus douglasii).

bluebonnet: They include Lupinus texensis and L. subcarnosus, which are among the most popular wildflowers of the state. The shape of the petals is said to resemble the sunbonnets worn by American pioneer women; hence their common name.

bluebonnet: They include Lupinus texensis and L. subcarnosus, which are among the most popular wildflowers of the state. The shape of the petals is said to resemble the sunbonnets worn by American pioneer women; hence their common name.

lupine: Major species: diffusus) and lady lupine (L. villosus) are distributed throughout the southern United States. Bigleaf lupine (L. polyphyllus), from the Pacific Northwest, is an invasive species in parts of Europe and New Zealand, where its ornamental Russell hybrids have escaped cultivation.

Carpathian Mountains: Physiography of the Carpathian Mountains: …to the north and the Łupków Pass (2,100 feet) and the Laborec Valley to the south. There the Carpathians are only some 75–80 miles wide, while in the west they are 170 miles and in the east as much as 220–250 miles across.

Black Hand: …notorious of Black Handers was Ignazio Saietta, known to residents of Manhattan’s “Little Italy” as Lupo (the “Wolf”); in 1920 he was finally apprehended by federal authorities for counterfeiting and was sent to prison for 30 years. The most noted foe of the Black Hand was Lieut. Joseph Petrosino (1860–1909)…

Philippines: Justice: …citizens called Pacification Committees (Lupon Tagapamayapa) have been organized to effect extrajudicial settlement of minor cases between barangay residents. In each lupon (committee) there is a Conciliation Body (Pangkat Tagapagkasundo), the main function of which is to bring opposing parties together and effect amicable settlement of differences. The committee…

Patti LuPone is an American theatre and film actress known for her powerful voice and grande dame persona. LuPone was raised on Long Island. She began dancing at age four and later performed with her two elder brothers. Following high school, she enrolled in the drama division of the Juilliard

Patti LuPone is an American theatre and film actress known for her powerful voice and grande dame persona. LuPone was raised on Long Island. She began dancing at age four and later performed with her two elder brothers. Following high school, she enrolled in the drama division of the Juilliard

Lupino family, one of England’s most celebrated theatrical families. The earliest traceable Lupino—who spelled his name Luppino—flourished probably in Italy, c. 1612, and billed himself as Signor Luppino. His descendant George William (1632–93), a singer, reciter, and puppet master, went to England

Hindu Kush: Physiography: …metres])—which strikes southward from the Lupsuk Peak (18,861 feet [5,749 metres]) in the eastern region, then continues to the Lawarai Pass (12,100 feet [3,688 metres]) and beyond to the Kābul River. If this chain is considered part of the Hindu Kush, then the outlying mountains of the Swat Kohistan region…

Thomas Goff Lupton was an English mezzotint engraver and miniatures painter who was the first artist to use soft steel plates in the art of engraving. This development permitted a printing of up to 1,500 mezzotints of excellent quality. The copper plates formerly used were very soft and could

Lupus, constellation in the southern sky at about 15 hours right ascension and 40° south in declination. Its brightest star is Alpha Lupi, with a magnitude of 2.3. For the ancient Greeks and Romans this constellation represented either a wolf or a fox impaled on a pole held by the nearby

Wulfstan was the bishop of London, 996–1002, archbishop of York, 1002–23, and bishop of Worcester, 1002–16. He was the author of many Old English homilies, treatises, and law codes. He was a product of the Benedictine revival and probably had some early connection with one of the Fenland abbeys,

lupus erythematosus, an autoimmune disorder that causes chronic inflammation in various parts of the body. Three main types of lupus are recognized—discoid, drug-induced, and systemic. Discoid lupus affects only the skin and does not usually involve internal organs. The term discoid refers to a

France: The hegemony of Neustria: In southern Gaul the duke Lupus changed the status of Aquitaine from a duchy to an independent principality.

textual criticism: From antiquity to the Renaissance: …the best scholars, such as Lupus of Ferrières (fl. 850). From about 1350, however, a change in attitude is evident, particularly in the West. What is often called the revival of learning was in reality a practical movement to enlist the heritage of classical antiquity in the service of the…

classical scholarship: The Carolingian Renaissance: …to a humanistic scholar was Servatus Lupus, abbot of Ferrières (c. 805–862), who collected, copied, and excerpted ancient manuscripts on a large scale. Despite the splitting up of the Carolingian Empire in 843 and the troubles resulting from the barbarian attacks on Europe of the 9th and 10th centuries, the…

Luque, city, southern Paraguay. Founded in 1635, Luque rose to prominence as the temporary national capital during the bloody Paraguayan War (1864–70) with Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay. Oranges, sugarcane, tobacco, cotton, and livestock produced in the area supply the markets of nearby Asunción,

Dolf Luque was a Cuban professional baseball player and manager who was the first player from Latin America to become a star in the U.S. major leagues. Luque, a right-handed pitcher, made his major league debut in 1914 with the Boston Braves but spent most of his career in the United States with

Dolf Luque was a Cuban professional baseball player and manager who was the first player from Latin America to become a star in the U.S. major leagues. Luque, a right-handed pitcher, made his major league debut in 1914 with the Boston Braves but spent most of his career in the United States with

Francisco Pizarro: Discovery and conquest of Peru: …de Almagro, and a priest, Hernando de Luque, he made preparations for a voyage of discovery and conquest down the west coast of South America. Like other Spanish conquistadors of the early 16th century, Pizarro’s efforts were shaped by the pursuit of wealth, imperial expansion, and the spread of Christianity—all…

Cordillera Central: …another subsidiary branch, is the Sierra de Luquillo, which constitutes the northeastern part of the island; it is separated from the Sierra de Cayey by the Caguas, Gurabo, and Blanco valleys. Almost two-thirds of this humid tropical region is occupied by the Caribbean National Forest.

lur, bronze horn, or trumpet, found in prehistoric Scandinavian excavations. It has a conical bore that extends in length from roughly 5 to 8 feet (1.5 to 2.5 metres) in a bent S-shape (somewhat resembling a mammoth tusk) and ends in an embossed metal disk. The mouthpiece of the lur is permanently

Lur, any member of a mountain Shīʿite Muslim people of western Iran numbering more than two million. The Lurs live mainly in the provinces of Lorestān, Bakhtīārī, and Kohgīlūyeh va Būyer Aḥmad. Their main languages are Luri and Laki. Luri, which has northern and southern variants, is closely

Luray Caverns, series of limestone caves in Page county, northwestern Virginia, U.S., near the town of Luray (headquarters of Shenandoah National Park). Covering 64 acres (26 hectares), the caverns, discovered in 1878, were formed millions of years ago by underground rivers and seepage of

Luray Caverns: The Luray Singing Tower, at the entrance to the caverns, is a carillon 117 feet (36 metres) high with 47 bells ranging from 12.5 pounds (5.7 kg) to 7,640 pounds (3,466 kg). In 1956, a “stalacpipe organ” was constructed in the caverns by placing rubber-tipped plungers…

Jean Lurçat was a French painter and designer who is frequently called the most instrumental figure in reviving the art of designing and weaving tapestries in the 20th century. Although his first tapestries were executed and exhibited in 1917, it was not until 1936 that Lurçat turned from being