Gansu, sheng (province), north-central and northwestern China. It is bordered by Mongolia to the north, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region to the northeast, the Hui Autonomous Region of Ningxia and the province of Shaanxi to the east, the provinces of Sichuan and Qinghai to the south and

Umberto Eco: …and Kant e l’ornitorinco (1997; Kant and the Platypus). He edited the illustrated companion volumes Storia della bellezza (2004; History of Beauty) and Storia della bruttezza (2007; On Ugliness), and he wrote another pictorial book, Vertigine della lista (2009; The Infinity of Lists), produced in conjunction with an exhibition he…

Umberto Eco: …and Kant e l’ornitorinco (1997; Kant and the Platypus). He edited the illustrated companion volumes Storia della bellezza (2004; History of Beauty) and Storia della bruttezza (2007; On Ugliness), and he wrote another pictorial book, Vertigine della lista (2009; The Infinity of Lists), produced in conjunction with an exhibition he…

Kantianism: Nineteenth-century Neo-Kantianism: …the young epistemologist Otto Liebmann, Kant und die Epigonen (“Kant and his Followers”), which was destined to extricate their spirits from the positivistic morass and, at the same time, to divert the Germans from Romantic idealism.

Kantianism: Epistemological Neo-Kantianism: …Theorie der Erfahrung (1871; “Kant’s Theory of Experience”), argued that the transcendental subject is not to be regarded as a psychic being but as a logical function of thought that constructs both the form and the content of knowledge. Nothing is gegeben (“given”), he urged; all is aufgegeben (“propounded,”…

Immanuel Kant was a German philosopher whose comprehensive and systematic work in epistemology (the theory of knowledge), ethics, and aesthetics greatly influenced all subsequent philosophy, especially the various schools of Kantianism and idealism. Kant was one of the foremost thinkers of the

astronomy: Laplace: …what is now called Laplace’s nebular hypothesis, a theory of the origin of the solar system. Laplace imagined that the planets had condensed from the primitive solar atmosphere, which originally extended far beyond the limits of the present-day system. As this cloud gradually contracted under the effects of gravity, it…

Birnin Kebbi: …was captured about 1516 by Muhammadu Kanta, founder of the Kebbi kingdom; subsequently, it was incorporated into Kebbi, one of the banza bakwai (the seven illegitimate Hausa states), which extended over what is now northwestern Nigeria and southwestern Niger. Internal dissension led Tomo, the king of Kebbi, to move his…

Constantine: …of the city by the el-Kantara Bridge, a modern 420-foot (130-metre) structure built on the site of earlier bridges. North and south of the city are, respectively, a suspension bridge and a viaduct.

African popular music: …of the previous decade, notably Mory Kanté and Salif Keita (both from the Rail Band) and Youssou N’Dour (from the Star Band de Dakar). Keita and guitarist Kanté Manfila left the Rail Band together and made several albums with Les Ambassadeurs Internationaux (including one recorded in the United States) before…

Antiokh Dmitriyevich Kantemir was a distinguished Russian statesman who was his country’s first secular poet and one of its leading writers of the classical school. The son of Dmitry Kantemir, he was tutored at home and attended (1724–25) the St. Petersburg Academy. Between 1729 and 1731 he wrote

Dmitry Kantemir was a statesman, scientist, humanist, scholar, and the greatest member of the distinguished Romanian-Russian family of Cantemir. He was prince of Moldavia (1710–11) and later adviser of Peter the Great of Russia. The son of Prince Constantin Cantemir of Moldavia, Kantemir early won

Dmitry Kantemir was a statesman, scientist, humanist, scholar, and the greatest member of the distinguished Romanian-Russian family of Cantemir. He was prince of Moldavia (1710–11) and later adviser of Peter the Great of Russia. The son of Prince Constantin Cantemir of Moldavia, Kantemir early won

Amy Coney Barrett: Federal judgeship: Barrett’s dissenting opinion in Kanter v. Barr (2019) employed an originalist analysis to arrive at an expansive reading of the Second Amendment’s protection of the individual right to possess firearms as articulated in Scalia’s opinion for the Supreme Court in District of Columbia v. Heller (2008). In Doe v.…

Rosabeth Moss Kanter is an American social scientist and writer whose interests centre on the dynamics of corporate culture, management approaches, and corporate change. Kanter graduated from Bryn Mawr College with honours (1964), after which she studied sociology at the University of Michigan

Raja Rao: …those stories, his first novel, Kanthapura (1938), is in a largely realist vein. It describes a village and its residents in southern India. Through its narrator, one of the village’s older women, the novel explores the effects of India’s independence movement. Kanthapura is Rao’s best-known novel, particularly outside India.

kantharos, drinking cup in Attic Greek pottery from the period of the red-figure and black-figure styles. The kantharos is in the form of a deep cup, with loop-shaped handles arising from the bottom of the body and extending high above the

Okello Oculi: His later novels included Kanta Riti (1973) and Kookolem (1978). Malak: An African Political Poem was published in 1976. Oculi’s nonfiction works included Nigerian Alternatives (1987) and Discourses on African Affairs: Directions and Destinies for the 21st Century (1997).

democratic peace, the proposition that democratic states never (or almost never) wage war on one another. The concept of democratic peace must be distinguished from the claim that democracies are in general more peaceful than nondemocratic countries. Whereas the latter claim is controversial, the

Kantianism, either the system of thought contained in the writings of the epoch-making 18th-century philosopher Immanuel Kant or those later philosophies that arose from the study of Kant’s writings and drew their inspiration from his principles. Only the latter is the concern of this article. The

Kathmandu, capital of Nepal. It lies in a hilly region near the confluence of the Baghmati and Vishnumati rivers, at an elevation of 4,344 feet (1,324 metres) above sea level. It was founded in 723 by Raja Gunakamadeva. Its early name was Manju-Patan; the present name refers to a wooden temple

Rudolf Otto: Scholarly pursuits: …his work, Kantische-Fries’sche Religionsphilosophie (1909; The Philosophy of Religion Based on Kant and Fries, 1931), a discussion of the religious thought of the German philosophers Immanuel Kant and Jacob Friedrich Fries, in which he sought to specify the kind of rationality that is appropriate to religious inquiry.

Jefferson Airplane: September 27, 2018, Tampa, Florida) Paul Kantner (b. March 17, 1941, San Francisco, California, U.S.—d. January 28, 2016, San Francisco) Jorma Kaukonen (b. December 23, 1940, Washington, D.C., U.S.) Signe Anderson (b. September 15, 1941, Seattle, Washington, U.S.—d. January 28, 2016, Beaverton, Oregon)

Jefferson Airplane: September 27, 2018, Tampa, Florida) Paul Kantner (b. March 17, 1941, San Francisco, California, U.S.—d. January 28, 2016, San Francisco) Jorma Kaukonen (b. December 23, 1940, Washington, D.C., U.S.) Signe Anderson (b. September 15, 1941, Seattle, Washington, U.S.—d. January 28, 2016, Beaverton, Oregon)

Kantō Plain, plain that is the most extensive lowland in Japan, located in central Honshu, facing the Pacific Ocean. Its 6,244 square miles (16,172 square km) contain the capital city, Tokyo, and constitute the most productive and populous area of the country. The plain is located to the east of

Kantō Range, mountain range, on Honshu, Japan, lying to the west of the Kantō Plain. Extending 80 miles (130 km) from north to south and 50 miles (80 km) from east to west, it forms the physical division between Kantō region (chihō; east) and Chūbu region (west). Geologically the range displays

Japan: Political reform in the bakufu and the han: …up an office called the Kantō Torishimari-deyaku (“Supervisors of the Kantō District”) to strengthen police control of the area, and it ordered the villages of Kantō to form associations to assist this office. But the impetus to reform had faded, as almost a century of bakufu efforts to deal effectively…

Northern Kantō, industrial region, east-central Japan, occupying portions of Gumma, Saitama, and Tochigi ken (prefectures). Situated just north of, and adjacent to, the Keihin (Tokyo-Yokohama) Industrial Zone, the area consists mostly of plains, interrupted by the Kantō Range and Echigo Range.

Kantō Plain, plain that is the most extensive lowland in Japan, located in central Honshu, facing the Pacific Ocean. Its 6,244 square miles (16,172 square km) contain the capital city, Tokyo, and constitute the most productive and populous area of the country. The plain is located to the east of

Kantō Range, mountain range, on Honshu, Japan, lying to the west of the Kantō Plain. Extending 80 miles (130 km) from north to south and 50 miles (80 km) from east to west, it forms the physical division between Kantō region (chihō; east) and Chūbu region (west). Geologically the range displays

Kanton Atoll, largest and northernmost of the Phoenix Islands, a coral group, part of Kiribati, in the west-central Pacific Ocean. Located approximately 1,600 miles (2,600 km) southwest of Hawaii, Kanton’s circular coral reef encloses a lagoon extending 7 miles by 3 miles (11 km by 5 km). Sighted

Netherlands: Justice: There are cantonal courts (kantongerechten), which exercise jurisdiction in a whole range of minor civil and criminal cases. More-important cases are handled by one of the district courts (rechtbanken), which also can hear appeals from cantonal court decisions. Appeals against decisions from the district courts are heard by one…

cantor, in Judaism and Christianity, an ecclesiastical official in charge of music or chants. In Judaism the cantor, or ḥazzan, directs liturgical prayer in the synagogue and leads the chanting. He may be engaged by a congregation to serve for an entire year or merely to assist at the ceremonies of

MacKinlay Kantor was an American author and newspaperman whose more than 30 novels and numerous popular short stories include the highly acclaimed Andersonville (1955; filmed for television 1996), a Pulitzer Prize-winning novel about the American Civil War. After finishing high school, Kantor

MacKinlay Kantor was an American author and newspaperman whose more than 30 novels and numerous popular short stories include the highly acclaimed Andersonville (1955; filmed for television 1996), a Pulitzer Prize-winning novel about the American Civil War. After finishing high school, Kantor

Leonid Vitalyevich Kantorovich was a Soviet mathematician and economist who shared the 1975 Nobel Prize for Economics with Tjalling Koopmans for their work on the optimal allocation of scarce resources. Kantorovich was educated at Leningrad State University and received his doctorate in mathematics

Hermann Kantorowicz was a German teacher and scholar whose doctrine of free law (Freirechtslehre) contributed to the development of the sociology of law. Specializing in criminal law, Kantorowicz taught at the universities of Freiburg (1908–29) and Kiel (1929–33) until the rise of the Nazis to

Kantianism: Epistemological Neo-Kantianism: …Theorie der Erfahrung (1871; “Kant’s Theory of Experience”), argued that the transcendental subject is not to be regarded as a psychic being but as a logical function of thought that constructs both the form and the content of knowledge. Nothing is gegeben (“given”), he urged; all is aufgegeben (“propounded,”…

Kenya African National Union (KANU), Kenyan political party. Organized in 1960, KANU was one of two major political parties formed in preparation for independence—the other party, the Kenya African Democratic Union, was ultimately absorbed by KANU after independence. Led by Jomo Kenyatta, the party

Celtic literature: The Middle Ages: …Myrddin and Taliesin, and in Kanu y Gwynt (“The Song of the Wind”), a riddle poem that contains the germ of the later convention known as dyfaliad (kenning).

Guyana: Relief: …is bisected by the east–west-trending Kanuku Mountains.

Pongal: Kaanum Pongal: The fourth and final day of Pongal is Kaanum or Kanum Pongal. This day focuses on fostering community bonds and strengthening relationships. The young seek their elders’ blessing, and families feast on delicious meals. The celebrations on this day resemble Raksha Bandhan, as…

Kanuma, city, central Tochigi ken (prefecture), east-central Honshu, Japan. It lies at the eastern foot of the Ashio Highlands and borders Utsunomiya to the east. The central part of the city was a post town during the Edo (Tokugawa) period (1603–1867); it later developed as a market for hemp seed.

kanun, (kanun from Greek kanōn, “rule”), the tabulation of administrative regulations in the Ottoman Empire that supplemented the Sharīʿah (Islamic law) and the discretionary authority of the sultan. In Islamic judicial theory there was no law other than the Sharīʿah. In the early Islamic states,

Süleyman the Magnificent was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1520 to 1566 who not only undertook bold military campaigns that enlarged his realm but also oversaw the development of what came to be regarded as the most characteristic achievements of Ottoman civilization in the fields of law,

Kanuri, African people, the dominant element of the population of Bornu state in northeastern Nigeria and also found in large numbers in southeastern Niger. The Kanuri language is classified as belonging to the Saharan branch of the Nilo-Saharan family. The Kanuri developed a powerful state at the

Kanuri language, language within the Saharan branch of the Nilo-Saharan language family. Kanuri consists of two main dialects, Manga Kanuri and Yerwa Kanuri (also called Beriberi, which its speakers consider pejorative), spoken in central Africa by more than 5,700,000 individuals at the turn of the

Kanva dynasty, the successors of the Shungas in the North Indian kingdom of Magadha, who ruled about 72–28 bce; like their predecessors, they were Brahmans in origin. That they originally served the Shunga line is attested by the appellation Shungabhrityas (i.e., servants of the Shungas) given to

Kanva dynasty, the successors of the Shungas in the North Indian kingdom of Magadha, who ruled about 72–28 bce; like their predecessors, they were Brahmans in origin. That they originally served the Shunga line is attested by the appellation Shungabhrityas (i.e., servants of the Shungas) given to

sati: Prohibition: …incident is the case of Roop Kanwar, an 18-year-old widow and member of the Rajput community who committed sati in 1987 in the village of Deorala, Rajasthan. The incident was highly controversial; indeed, groups throughout India either publicly defended Kanwar’s actions or declared that she had been murdered. Her death…

Navratri: Observances and regional practices: …ritual of this festival is Kanya Puja (kanya meaning “girl”) or Kanjak, which takes place on the eighth or ninth day. In this ritual nine young girls are worshipped as the nine forms of Durga. The custom includes inviting nine girls into one’s home, washing their feet, performing an arti,…

Hungary: Financial crisis: the rise of right radicalism: …year, when Darányi’s foreign minister, Kálmán Kánya, obtained the tacit consent of the Little Entente for Hungary to rearm, although Hungary was still sadly short of armaments, for which, again, Germany was its only source of supply. On a visit to Berlin, Darányi and Kánya smoothed over the difficulties; but,…

India: Family and kinship: …“gift of a maiden” (kanyadan) from the bride’s father to the household of the groom. This gift is also accompanied by a dowry, which generally consists of items suitable to start a young couple in married life. In some cases, however, dowries demanded by grooms and their families have…

Kannauj, town, central Uttar Pradesh state, northern India. Kannauj is situated near the Ganges (Ganga) River, about 50 miles (80 km) northwest of Kanpur, with which it has road and rail connections. Its name probably has more popular spellings than any other place-name in India. Kannauj has

Kanniyakumari, town, southern Tamil Nadu state, southeastern India. The town is situated on Cape Comorin, which is the southernmost point on the Indian subcontinent. Kanniyakumari is a tourist and pilgrimage centre noted for its Shiva temple and its memorial to Mohandas (Mahatma) Gandhi. Legend

Kamal Haasan: Child stardom and breakout role: …roles with the Malayalam film Kanyakumari (1974) and the Tamil-language Apoorva Raagangal (1975; “Rare Melodies”). The latter film is regarded as Haasan’s breakout role and is one of several collaborations with director K. Balachander, whom Haasan has acknowledged as his mentor and guiding spirit. Both Kanyakumari and Apoorva Ragangal earned…

Kanye, village, southern Botswana. It lies along a main road southwest of Gaborone, the national capital. It is one of the country’s largest villages and the traditional headquarters of the Bangwaketse people. Kanye is equipped with a mission hospital, an airfield, banks, and schools. Pop. (2001)

Kansa, North American Indians of Siouan linguistic stock who lived along the Kansas and Saline rivers in what is now central Kansas. It is thought that the Kansa had migrated to this location from an earlier prehistoric territory on the Atlantic coast. They are related to the Omaha, Osage, Quapaw,

Kaō Ninga: His portrait of Kanzan, a mythical figure who represents the Zen way of life, and the techniques used in the portrait (strong abbreviated outlines that contrast with soft washes, asymmetrical composition, and significant empty space) foreshadow those of the suiboku school, which flourished in the 15th and 16th…

Soga Shōhaku: The two-scroll painting “Kanzan and Jittoku”—two Chinese monks of the T’ang dynasty—is a good example. He also drew pictures of weird and demoniac quality and, being of a haughty disposition and an eccentric, was regarded by many as either a madman or an anachronism. He had no successors…

Kan’ami was a Japanese actor, playwright, and musician who was one of the founders of Noh drama. Kan’ami organized a theatre group in Obata to perform sarugaku (a form of popular drama that had apparently included tricks, acrobatics, and slapstick skits), which by his time had become plays with

Japanese performing arts: 7th to 16th centuries: Later plays, especially those by Kanze Kojirō Nobumitsu (1435–1516), such as Momijigari (The Maple Viewing) and Ataka (The Ataka Barrier), emphasize action and spectacle (fūryū).

Zeami was the greatest playwright and theorist of the Japanese Noh theatre. He and his father, Kan’ami (1333–84), were the creators of the Noh drama in its present form. Under the patronage of the shogun Ashikaga Yoshimitsu, whose favour Zeami enjoyed after performing before him in 1374, the Noh

Kanze school, school of nō theatre (q.v.) known for its emphasis on beauty and elegance. The school was founded in the 14th century by Kan’ami (q.v.), who founded the Yūzaki-za (Yūzaki troupe), the precursor of the Kanze school. The second master, Zeami Motokiyo, completed the basic form of the art

Kanze school, school of nō theatre (q.v.) known for its emphasis on beauty and elegance. The school was founded in the 14th century by Kan’ami (q.v.), who founded the Yūzaki-za (Yūzaki troupe), the precursor of the Kanze school. The second master, Zeami Motokiyo, completed the basic form of the art

Japanese literature: Late Tokugawa period (c. 1770–1867): …embodiments of the principle of kanzen chōaku (“the encouragement of virtue and the chastisement of vice”), Bakin’s professed aim in writing fiction.

Avalokiteshvara, in Buddhism, and primarily in Mahayana (“Greater Vehicle”) Buddhism, the bodhisattva (“buddha-to-be”) of infinite compassion and mercy, possibly the most popular of all figures in Buddhist legend. Avalokiteshvara is beloved throughout the Buddhist world—not only in Mahayana

cancellaresca corsiva, in calligraphy, script that in the 16th century became the vehicle of the New Learning throughout Christendom. It developed during the preceding century out of the antica corsiva, which had been perfected by the scribes of the papal chancery. As written by the calligrapher

Kuiper Airborne Observatory (KAO), a Lockheed C-141 jet transport aircraft specially instrumented for astronomical observations at high altitudes. Named for the American astronomer Gerard P. Kuiper, it was operated (1971–95) by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The

Gao Qipei was a technically innovative Chinese landscape painter who used his hands—palms, fingers, nails—in place of the traditional Chinese brush. Gao was precocious and gifted and served in an official capacity during the Qing period. His larger paintings for the Manchu court were somewhat more

Gao Xingjian is a Chinese émigré novelist, playwright, and critic who in 2000 was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature “for an oeuvre of universal validity, bitter insights and linguistic ingenuity.” He is also renowned as a stage director and as an artist. Gao was educated in state schools and

Tonga: Relief: …feet (1,033 metres), is on Kao Island in the Ha‘apai Group. ‘Eua Island (Tongatapu Group) has an old volcanic ridge rising to 1,078 feet (329 metres) above sea level. The Vava‘u Group has hills ranging from 500 to 1,000 feet (150 to 300 metres), and Late Island, in its western…

Chinese painting: Yuan dynasty (1206–1368): Gao Kegong followed Mi Fu and Mi Youren in painting cloudy landscapes that symbolized good government. Wang Mian, who served not the Mongols but anti-Mongol forces at the end of the dynasty, set the highest standard for the painting of plums, a symbol of irrepressible…

Gao Gang was one of the early leaders of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and one of the most important figures in the communist government established after 1949. His purge in 1954–55 was the biggest scandal in the Chinese communist movement from the mid-1930s to the 1960s. Gao joined the CCP in

Gao Ming was a Chinese poet and playwright whose sole surviving opera, Pipaji (The Lute), became the model for drama of the Ming dynasty. Quitting a frustrating official career under the Mongol regime in 1356, Gao found a new vocation in the theatre. As a southerner, he shunned the fashionable zaju

Kaō Ninga was an artist who painted some of the earliest Japanese suiboku works—a Chinese-inspired style of monochromatic ink painting favoured by Zen Buddhist priest-painters. His portrait of Kanzan, a mythical figure who represents the Zen way of life, and the techniques used in the portrait

Noma Hiroshi: …naka no akai tsuki (1947; A Red Moon in Her Face), both of which present a protagonist’s conflict between self-image and carnal desire. The novel Kurai e combined the techniques of Symbolism and the Proletarian Literature Movement, using stream-of-consciousness prose. Shinkū chitai conveys a broad view of the Japanese wartime…

Sima Guang: …compiled a separate work, the Kaoyi (“Scrutiny”), which dealt with the discrepancies in his numerous sources and gave his reasons for preferring certain authorities.

Charles Kao was a physicist who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 2009 for his discovery of how light can be transmitted through fibre-optic cables. He shared the prize with physicists Willard Boyle and George E. Smith, who won for their work in inventing the charge-coupled device (CCD).

Charles Kao was a physicist who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 2009 for his discovery of how light can be transmitted through fibre-optic cables. He shared the prize with physicists Willard Boyle and George E. Smith, who won for their work in inventing the charge-coupled device (CCD).

Easter Island: Relief: …the extremely deep crater of Rano Kao, which is about 3,000 feet (900 metres) wide, is piped to Hanga Roa. The coast is formed by soft, eroded, ashy cliffs, with a vertical drop of about 500 to 1,000 feet (150 to 300 metres); the cliffs are intercepted by long stretches…

Gaohou was the first woman ruler of China, wife of Gaozu, the first emperor (reigned 206–195 bc) of the Han dynasty (206 bc–ad 220). After Gaozu’s death, his and Gaohou’s young son, the emperor Huidi (reigned 195–188 bc), ascended the throne. Gaohou, whose ambition had spurred her husband’s rise to

Kao-hsiung, special municipality (chih-hsia shih, or zhizia shi) and major international port in southwestern Taiwan. It is situated on the coast of the Taiwan Strait, its city centre about 25 miles (40 km) south-southeast from central T’ai-nan (Tainan) special municipality. The site has been

Kao-hsiung, former county (hsien, or xian), southwestern Taiwan. Since 2010 it has been incorporated administratively into the Kao-hsiung special municipality. The enlarged special municipality is bordered by T’ai-nan (Tainan) special municipality and Chia-i (Jiayi) county to the north, T’ai-tung

Feng-shan, former municipality (shih, or shi), southwestern Taiwan. Feng-shan served as the seat of Kao-hsiung (Gaoxiun) county until 2010, at which time the county was administratively reorganized, and Feng-shan became a city district of Kao-hsiung special municipality. Feng-shan is situated about

Toyo Ito: ” Similarly, the Kao-hsiung (Taiwan) National Stadium (2009) possessed a monumental spiral-shaped roof resembling a coiled snake. One of Ito’s most ambitious projects, the National Taichung Theater, Taiwan, which was under construction when he received the Pritzker in 2013, was likened by some to an enormous sponge, featuring…

Shaanxi: Relief and drainage: …and thus into Sichuan; the Gaoguan Pass south of Xi’an, which leads to the Hanzhong Basin; and the Lantian Pass southeast of Xi’an, which affords a route to Nanyang in Henan and to northern Anhui province.

Colombo, city, executive and judicial capital of Sri Lanka. (Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte, a Colombo suburb, is the legislative capital.) Situated on the west coast of the island, just south of the Kelani River, Colombo is a principal port on the Indian Ocean. It has one of the largest artificial

Gaozu was the founder and first emperor of the Han dynasty (206 bc–ad 220), under which the Chinese imperial system assumed most of the characteristics that it was to retain until it was overthrown in 1911/12. He reigned from 206 to 195 bc. His wife, the empress Gaohou (reigned 188–180 bc), became

Gaozu was the founder and first emperor (618–626) of the Tang dynasty (618–907). Although Gaozu claimed to be of Chinese descent, his family was intermarried with nomadic tribes of North China. As an official of the Sui dynasty (581–618), Li Yuan was expected to suppress peasant revolts and prevent

Gaozong temple name (miaohao) of the was the first emperor of the Nan (Southern) Song dynasty (1127–1279). He fled to South China when the nomadic Juchen tribesmen overran North China and captured Gaozong’s father, the abdicated Bei (Northern) Song emperor Huizong (reigned 1100–1125/26), and

Gaozong was the temple name (miaohao) of the third emperor of the Tang dynasty and husband of the empress Wuhou. During his 34-year reign (649–683) he expanded the Tang empire into Korea. In 649 Gaozong succeeded his father, the Taizong emperor. He continued his father’s foreign campaigns,

Agadez: Led by Kaocen Ag Mohammed, the Tuareg revolted and laid siege to the town for four months before the French were able to crush the rebellion. The town was also a base of operations in the Tuareg rebellion against the Niger government in the 1990s and another…

Kao-hsiung, special municipality (chih-hsia shih, or zhizia shi) and major international port in southwestern Taiwan. It is situated on the coast of the Taiwan Strait, its city centre about 25 miles (40 km) south-southeast from central T’ai-nan (Tainan) special municipality. The site has been

Kaokoland, geographic region, northwestern Namibia. It is inhabited by the Bantu-speaking Herero, Ovahimba, and Ovatjimba nomadic pastoralists. Kaokoland is bordered by Angola and the Kunene River to the north, the Owambo geographic region to the east, the Hoanib River to the south, and the

Kaokoland, geographic region, northwestern Namibia. It is inhabited by the Bantu-speaking Herero, Ovahimba, and Ovatjimba nomadic pastoralists. Kaokoland is bordered by Angola and the Kunene River to the north, the Owambo geographic region to the east, the Hoanib River to the south, and the

Kaolack, town, west-central Senegal. It lies on the right bank of the Saloum River, 95 miles (150 km) southeast of Dakar. An ocean and river port with an important export trade in peanuts (groundnuts) and salt, it is linked by rail with Guinguinéo (13 miles [21 km] northeast) and the Dakar-Niger

sorghum, (Sorghum bicolor), cereal grain plant of the grass family (Poaceae) and its edible starchy seeds. The plant likely originated in Africa, where it is a major food crop, and has numerous varieties, including grain sorghums, used for food; grass sorghums, grown for hay and fodder; and

kaolin, soft white clay that is an essential ingredient in the manufacture of china and porcelain and is widely used in the making of paper, rubber, paint, and many other products. Kaolin is named after the hill in China (Kao-ling) from which it was mined for centuries. Samples of kaolin were first

kaolinite, group of common clay minerals that are hydrous aluminum silicates; they comprise the principal ingredients of kaolin (china clay). The group includes kaolinite and its rarer forms, dickite and nacrite, halloysite, and allophane, which are chemically similar to kaolinite but amorphous.