lock: Development of modern types.: Hobbs, succeeded and claimed the reward.

Elizabeth Keckley was an American dressmaker, author, and philanthropist who purchased her and her son’s freedom from slavery and who later became the modiste for first lady Mary Todd Lincoln. Much of Keckley’s life is recorded in her memoir, Behind the Scenes; or, Thirty Years a Slave and Four

Sir John Berry Hobbs was an English athlete who was the world’s greatest cricket batsman of his time. Hobbs began his first-class career for Surrey in 1905, and in his second game he scored the first of his 197 centuries (100 runs in a single innings). During 30 years as a professional he played

Lucy Hobbs Taylor was the first American woman to earn a degree in dentistry. Lucy Hobbs graduated from the Franklin Academy in Malone, New York, in 1849 and became a schoolteacher. While teaching in Brooklyn, Michigan, she began the study of medicine, and in 1859 she moved to Cincinnati, Ohio,

Roy Hobbs, fictional character, the ambitious and talented but flawed baseball player who is the protagonist of The Natural (1952), the first novel by American writer Bernard Malamud. The character was portrayed by Robert Redford in the 1984 film version of the

Sir John Berry Hobbs was an English athlete who was the world’s greatest cricket batsman of his time. Hobbs began his first-class career for Surrey in 1905, and in his second game he scored the first of his 197 centuries (100 runs in a single innings). During 30 years as a professional he played

history of publishing: Nonprofessional types: …layman may fall into the hobby category. Very often a professional magazine has an amateur counterpart, as, for instance, in electronics, where the amateur finds a wide range of technical magazines on radio, television, hi-fi, and tape recording. Other popular subjects are photography (the British Amateur Photographer was founded in…

hobby, any of certain birds of prey of the genus Falco (primarily F. subbuteo) that are intermediate in size and strength between the merlin and the peregrine. F. subbuteo is about 33 cm (13 inches) long and is dark bluish brown above and white below, with dark streaking and reddish leg feathering.

Arthur Heygate Mackmurdo: He began publishing The Hobby Horse in 1882, the first finely printed magazine on art. A friend of Morris, he was a founding member of the Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings and was active in several organizations.

Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc.: Background: …the for-profit corporations they owned—Hobby Lobby, Inc. (an arts-and-crafts retailer) and Mardel Christian & Education Stores, Inc. (a chain of Christian bookstores)—filed suit in U.S. district court, naming Kathleen Sebelius, then secretary of health and human services, and others as defendants. The individual plaintiffs (the Greens) alleged that the…

Oveta Culp Hobby was an American editor and publisher of the Houston Post (1952–53), the first director of the U.S. Women’s Army Corps (1942–45), and the first secretary of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (1953–55). Culp was educated privately and for a time attended Mary

Hobby-Eberly Telescope (HET), telescope that is one of the largest in the world, with a mirror measuring 11.1 by 9.8 metres (36.4 by 32.2 feet). It is located on Mount Fowlkes (2,024 metres [6,640 feet]) at the University of Texas at Austin’s McDonald Observatory near Fort Davis, Texas, U.S. The

bicycle: Draisiennes, hobby-horses, and other velocipedes: The first two-wheeled rider-propelled machine for which there is indisputable evidence was the draisienne, invented by Baron Karl von Drais de Sauerbrun of Germany. In 1817 he rode it for 14 km (9 miles), and the following year he exhibited it…

puck, in medieval English folklore, a malicious fairy or demon. In Old and Middle English the word meant simply “demon.” In Elizabethan lore he was a mischievous, brownielike fairy also called Robin Goodfellow, or Hobgoblin. As one of the leading characters in William Shakespeare’s Midsummer

Joseph Yoakum: …the public until 1967, when John Hobgood—a professor of anthropology at Chicago State College (now Chicago State University)—noticed his drawings as he passed by Yoakum’s studio on the South Side of Chicago. Hobgood purchased a number of his drawings and helped arrange an exhibition for Yoakum’s work. That exhibition launched…

Emily Hobhouse was an English reformer and social worker whose humanitarian undertakings in South Africa caused her to be dubbed the “Angel of Love” by grateful Boer women. Hobhouse spent the first sheltered 35 years of her life at her father’s rectory. Upon his death, she engaged in temperance

Leonard Trelawny Hobhouse was an English sociologist and philosopher who tried to reconcile liberalism with collectivism in the interest of social progress. In elaborating his conception of sociology, he drew on his knowledge of several other fields: philosophy, psychology, biology, anthropology,

John Cam Hobhouse, Baron Broughton was a British politician and literary personage known as the alleged coiner of the phrase “His Majesty’s Opposition” (implying the continued loyalty of a major party when out of power) and as a close friend of Lord Byron. On his advice, Byron’s memoirs were

Hoboken, city, Hudson county, northeastern New Jersey, U.S. Adjoining Jersey City and Union City, it lies on the Hudson River opposite Manhattan Island, New York City, with which it is connected by train, ferry, highway, tunnel, and subway. In 1630 the Dutch purchased the site from the Delaware

Sylvain Lévi: …(1921–23) generated his major work, Hôbôgirin. Dictionnaire du Bouddhisme d’après les sources chinoises et japonaises (1929; “Hōbōgirin. Dictionary of Buddhism Based on Chinese and Japanese Sources”), produced in collaboration with the Japanese Buddhist scholar Takakusu Junjirō.

Dill Pickle Club: Bohemianism in Chicago and New York: …hobo, and the tramp—and hence hobohemia came to define the merger of intellectualism with the ethos of the migratory worker. That spirit was evident in the culture of West Madison Street, a haven for flophouses (single-room-occupancy hotels), burlesque theatres, cheap diners, barber colleges, used bookstores, and underclass saloons. Restaurants such…

Hoboken, city, Hudson county, northeastern New Jersey, U.S. Adjoining Jersey City and Union City, it lies on the Hudson River opposite Manhattan Island, New York City, with which it is connected by train, ferry, highway, tunnel, and subway. In 1630 the Dutch purchased the site from the Delaware

Music in Shakespeare’s Plays: Instrumental music: …of the oboe, called “hoboy” in the First Folio stage directions), flute, and recorders. Textual evidence points to the availability of two string players who were competent at the violin, viol, and lute. A few plays, notably Romeo and Juliet, The Two Gentlemen of Verona, and Cymbeline, indicate specific…

Jakob Obrecht was a composer who, with Jean d’Ockeghem and Josquin des Prez, was one of the leading composers in the preeminently vocal and contrapuntal Franco-Flemish, or Franco-Netherlandish, style that dominated Renaissance music. He was the son of Willem Obrecht, a trumpeter. His first known

David Lean: …performances of Charles Laughton in Hobson’s Choice (1954) and Katharine Hepburn in Summertime (1955). He returned to prominence with the prisoner-of-war drama The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957), a film noted for its psychological battles of will and taut action sequences. It won seven Academy Awards, including best picture…

political philosophy: Lenin: …influenced by the English historian J.A. Hobson’s Imperialism, a Study (1902), which alleged that decadent capitalism was bound to turn from glutted markets at home to exploit the toil of “reluctant and unassimilated peoples.”

Laura Z. Hobson was an American novelist and short-story writer noted for her novel Gentleman’s Agreement (1947), a best-selling study of antisemitism. The daughter of Jewish socialist parents, she was educated at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, and married Thayer Hobson in 1930. The marriage

Laura Z. Hobson was an American novelist and short-story writer noted for her novel Gentleman’s Agreement (1947), a best-selling study of antisemitism. The daughter of Jewish socialist parents, she was educated at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, and married Thayer Hobson in 1930. The marriage

Great Expectations: …pursues Estella (now played by Valerie Hobson), despite her claims that she is not interested in him. Eventually, Pip encounters Abel Magwitch (Finlay Currie), an escaped convict to whom Pip as a child had once provided comfort. After Magwitch, who has become wealthy overseas, confesses that he is Pip’s benefactor,…

New Zealand: Annexation and further settlement: In 1839 it commissioned William Hobson, a naval officer, as lieutenant governor and consul to the Māori chiefs, and he annexed the whole country: the North Island by the right of cession from the Māori chiefs and the South Island by the right of discovery. At first New Zealand…

Sir Thomas Hoby was an English diplomat and translator of Baldassare Castiglione’s Il libro del cortegiano (“The Book of the Courtier”). Educated at Cambridge, Strasbourg, and Padua, Hoby traveled extensively on the European continent. Given court employments in England under King Edward VI, he

Thomas Hoccleve was an English poet, contemporary and imitator of Chaucer, whose work has little literary merit but much value as social history. What little is known of Hoccleve’s life must be gathered mainly from his works. At age 18 or 19 he obtained a clerkship in the privy seal office in

Al-Hoceïma, city, northern Morocco. The city, founded by Spaniards in 1926 as Villa Sanjurjo, still has a large Spanish population. Situated on Al-Hoceïma Bay, it is a small fishing port, food-processing centre, and beach resort just northwest of the islets of the Spanish plaza (enclave) of

Alhucemas, Spanish exclave on the Mediterranean coast of Morocco, comprising a bay, three islets, and a small port. The bay, a semicircular inlet (9 miles [14 km] wide and 5 miles [8 km] long), is protected by Cap Nuevo; its sandy bottom is an extension of the Nekor River alluvial plain. The

Hannah Höch was a German artist, the only woman associated with the Berlin Dada group, known for her provocative photomontage compositions that explore Weimar-era perceptions of gender and ethnic differences. Höch began her training in 1912 at the School of Applied Arts in Berlin-Charlottenburg,

Hannah Höch was a German artist, the only woman associated with the Berlin Dada group, known for her provocative photomontage compositions that explore Weimar-era perceptions of gender and ethnic differences. Höch began her training in 1912 at the School of Applied Arts in Berlin-Charlottenburg,

Robert Maxwell was a Czechoslovak-born British publisher who built an international communications empire. His financial risks led him into grand fraud and an apparent suicide. Virtually all of the young Hoch’s Jewish family living in Czechoslovakia and Budapest died in the Nazi Holocaust, but he

pre-Columbian civilizations: Divination: This was called hocha, a ritual error. The ayllu, a basic social unit identified with communally held land, was wounded by individual misdeeds. Crimes had to be confessed and expiated by penitence so as not to call down the divine wrath.

E.Y. Harburg was an American lyricist known for his witty, whimsical, and socially conscious songs. He wrote more than 600 songs across Broadway and Hollywood. Harburg earned the nickname “Broadway’s social conscience” through songs such as “Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?”— which became an anthem

harp: In 1720 the Bavarian Celestin Hochbrucker added seven pedals that controlled the hooks via levers set in the forepillar. Hochbrucker’s single-action pedal harp was improved in 1750, when Georges Cousineau replaced the hooks with metal plates that gripped the strings while leaving them in plane, and in 1792, when…

West Germanic languages: History: …been the increasing standardization of High German and its increasing acceptance as the supradialectal form of the language. In writing, it is almost the only form used (except for limited printings of dialect literature); in speech, it is the first or second language of virtually the entire population.

Lazare Hoche was a general of the French Revolutionary Wars who drove the Austro-Prussian armies from Alsace in 1793 and suppressed the counterrevolutionary uprising in the Vendée (1794–96). The son of a royal stableman, Hoche enlisted in the French guards in 1784. He remained in the guards after

Lazare Hoche was a general of the French Revolutionary Wars who drove the Austro-Prussian armies from Alsace in 1793 and suppressed the counterrevolutionary uprising in the Vendée (1794–96). The son of a royal stableman, Hoche enlisted in the French guards in 1784. He remained in the guards after

Eifel: …three sections: Schneifel or Schnee-Eifel, Hocheifel, and Voreifel. In the Schneifel (German: “Snow Eifel”), near the Belgian frontier, scrub and forest are common, with cultivation only on the richer soils. The Hocheifel (“High Eifel”), which includes the highest point in the plateau, Hohe Acht (2,451 feet [747 metres]), is a…

Montreal: Early settlement: …site of Montreal was called Hochelaga by the Huron people when the French navigator and explorer Jacques Cartier visited it in 1535–36 on his second voyage to the New World. More than 1,000 Native Americans (some sources say as many as 3,500) welcomed him on the slope of the mountain…

Montreal: …the 234 islands of the Hochelaga Archipelago, one of three archipelagoes near the confluence of the Ottawa and St. Lawrence rivers. Area 141 square miles (365 square km); metro. area, 1,644 square miles (4,259 square km). Pop. (2011) 1,649,519; metro. area, 3,934,078; (2021) 1,762,949; metro. area, 4,342,213.

Niedere Tauern: …to their highest elevation at Hochgolling (9,393 feet [2,863 m]), and a road crosses the range at the Radstädter Tauern (pass; 5,705 feet). The range is divided into the Radstädter Tauern, Schladminger Tauern, and Rottenmanner Tauern. Summer resorts and winter-sports centres lie in the mountains, which are also noted for…

Meister Eckhart was a Dominican theologian and writer who was the greatest German speculative mystic. In the transcripts of his sermons in German and Latin, he charts the course of union between the individual soul and God. Johannes Eckhart entered the Dominican order when he was 15 and studied in

Meister Eckhart was a Dominican theologian and writer who was the greatest German speculative mystic. In the transcripts of his sermons in German and Latin, he charts the course of union between the individual soul and God. Johannes Eckhart entered the Dominican order when he was 15 and studied in

Theatre of Fact: …early 1960s, associated primarily with Rolf Hochhuth, Peter Weiss, and Heinar Kipphardt. Their political plays examined recent historical events, often through official documents and court records. Their concern that the West, and especially Germany, was forgetting the political horrors of the Nazi era led them to explore themes of guilt…

Heuneburg: …of princely graves, including the Hochmichele barrow, which dates from the 6th century bc and is noted for its wagon grave, located in a great central burial chamber formed of sawed wooden planks nearly 20 feet (6 m) long.

Rhine River: Physiography: …the river is called the Hochrhein (“High Rhine”) and defines the Swiss-German frontier, except for the area below Stein am Rhein, where the frontier deviates so that the Rhine Falls at Schaffhausen are entirely within Switzerland. Downstream the Rhine flows swiftly between the Alpine foreland and the Black Forest region,…

industrial design: American hegemony and challenges from abroad: …Gestaltung in Ulm, or the Ulm Design School (1953–68), which was often considered a successor to the Bauhaus. One of its founders was the typeface designer Otl Aicher, a corporate-branding specialist, noted author of graphic standards manuals for his clients, and designer whose clients included Lufthansa and Munich’s transportation authority.…

West Germanic languages: German: At one extreme is Standard German (Hochsprache), based on the written form of the language and used in radio, television, public lectures, the theatre, schools, and universities. It is relatively uniform, although speakers often reveal regional accents. At the other extreme are the local dialects, which differ from village…

Johann Peter Melchior: …great German porcelain factory at Höchst. As a child he showed an interest in drawing, painting, and sculpture, and a relative apprenticed him to a sculptor in Düsseldorf. He became sufficiently well known to be named Modellmeister at the Höchst factory, a position he held from 1767 to 1779.

Kathy Hochul is an American politician and attorney who has served as the governor of New York since 2021. She is the state’s first female governor. Hochul previously served as Erie county clerk (2007–11), U.S. representative for New York’s 26th congressional district (2011–13), and lieutenant

Kathy Hochul is an American politician and attorney who has served as the governor of New York since 2021. She is the state’s first female governor. Hochul previously served as Erie county clerk (2007–11), U.S. representative for New York’s 26th congressional district (2011–13), and lieutenant

Joseph Olbrich: He also designed the Hochzeitsturm (1907; Marriage Tower) at Darmstadt, which had rounded, fingerlike projections on its roof suggestive of Art Nouveau but also had bands of windows denoting a distinctly modern trend.

hocket, in medieval polyphonic (multipart) music, the device of alternating between parts, single notes, or groups of notes. The result is a more or less continuous flow with one voice resting while the other voice sounds. The hocket was a popular device in the motet and the cantilena (vernacular

Toronto: Cultural life: …is the home of the Hockey Hall of Fame.

ice hockey: …a vulcanized rubber disk, the puck, past a goal line and into a net guarded by a goaltender, or goalie. With its speed and its frequent physical contact, ice hockey has become one of the most popular of international sports. The game is an Olympic sport, and worldwide there are…

ice hockey: Rink and equipment: Hockey sticks, once made from wood, are now formed from a variety of materials. Rules are enforced limiting the size of the stick and the curvature of its blade. Forwards and defensemen wear the same type of skates, but goaltenders have flatter blades because they…

Hocktide play: …play had its beginnings in hocking, a still older custom of the folk festivals. On Hock Monday women went out with ropes, hocking, or capturing, any man they met and exacting a forfeit. Men were allowed to retaliate in kind on Hock Tuesday. The forfeit money seems to have been…

religious experience: Study and evaluation: …as William James, Josiah Royce, William E. Hocking, and Wilbur M. Urban represented an idealist tradition in interpreting religion, stressing the concepts of purpose, value, and meaning as essential for understanding the nature of God. Naturalist philosophers, of whom John Dewey was typical, have focused on the “religious” as a…

David Hockney is an English painter, draftsperson, printmaker, photographer, and stage designer whose works are characterized by economy of technique, a preoccupation with light, and a frank mundane realism derived from Pop art and photography. Hockney studied at the Bradford College of Art

Hocktide play, a folk play formerly given at Coventry, Eng., on Hock Tuesday (the second Tuesday after Easter). The play was suppressed at the Protestant Reformation because of disorders attendant on it but was revived for the entertainment of Queen Elizabeth I at the Kenilworth Revels in 1575. As

hocket, in medieval polyphonic (multipart) music, the device of alternating between parts, single notes, or groups of notes. The result is a more or less continuous flow with one voice resting while the other voice sounds. The hocket was a popular device in the motet and the cantilena (vernacular

Kurt Vonnegut: Later works of fiction: …autobiography of an aging painter; Hocus Pocus (1990), about a college professor turned prison warden; and Timequake (1997), a loosely structured meditation on free will.

Bette Midler: …included For the Boys (1991), Hocus Pocus (1993), The First Wives Club (1996), and The Stepford Wives (2004). She also released the albums Some People’s Lives (1990), which features one of her biggest hits, “From a Distance”; Bette of Roses (1995); and Bette (2000).

Bette Midler: …role as a witch in Hocus Pocus 2 (2022), a sequel to the 1993 cult classic. Midler’s albums from this time included It’s the Girls! (2014), a collection of pop classics by such female groups as the Supremes and the Shirelles. Midler was the recipient of a lifetime achievement award…

Balder: The blind god Höd, deceived by the evil Loki, killed Balder by hurling mistletoe, the only thing that could hurt him. After Balder’s funeral, the giantess Thökk, probably Loki in disguise, refused to weep the tears that would release Balder from death.

biblical literature: Hodayot: …modern Hebrew name for the Thanksgiving Psalms. This scroll contains sectarian hymns of praise to God. In its view of the fleshly nature of man, who can be justified only by God’s undeserved grace, it resembles St. Paul’s approach to the same problem. Some scholars think that the work, or…

Tottenham Hotspur FC: Key players: Glenn Hoddle played 490 times for Tottenham and later became the club’s manager. In 2023, in a match against Manchester City FC, prolific English striker Harry Kane overtook Greaves’s record of 266 goals. Kane’s total of 280 goals for Tottenham before he transferred out in…

Madonna: Madonna in early Christian and Byzantine art: …Madonna and Child enthroned; the hodēgētria (“she who points the way”), showing a standing Virgin holding the Child on her left arm; and the blacherniotissa (from the Church of the Blachernes, which contains the icon that is its prototype), which emphasizes her role as intercessor, showing her alone in an…

Hodeidah, city, western Yemen. It is situated on the Tihāmah coastal plain that borders the Red Sea. It is one of the country’s chief ports and has modern facilities. Hodeidah, first mentioned in Islamic chronicles in 1454/55, became important in the 1520s when the Yemeni Tihāmah was taken by the

Hodeidah, city, western Yemen. It is situated on the Tihāmah coastal plain that borders the Red Sea. It is one of the country’s chief ports and has modern facilities. Hodeidah, first mentioned in Islamic chronicles in 1454/55, became important in the 1520s when the Yemeni Tihāmah was taken by the

Jo Nesbø: Other works: …and the novels Hodejegerne (2009; Headhunters; film 2011), Sønnen (2014; The Son), and Kongeriket (2020; The Kingdom). Blod på snø (2015; Blood on Snow) and Mere blod (2015; Midnight Sun) are linked crime thrillers set in 1970s Norway. Macbeth (2018), a retelling of Shakespeare’s

Art Hodes was an American jazz and blues pianist known for the emotional commitment of his playing. He is regarded by many critics as the greatest white blues pianist, and he was also a noted composer, jazz writer, historian, and teacher. Hodes’s Ukrainian family came to the United States in 1905

Sabbath: Ha-Ḥodesh (“the month”) falls shortly before Passover; the text is from Exodus 12:1–20. These four Sabbaths are known by the collective Hebrew name arbaʿ parashiyyot (“four [Bible] readings”). The Sabbath that immediately precedes Passover is called Shabbat ha-Gadol (“great Sabbath”).

Hodge conjecture, in algebraic geometry, assertion that for certain “nice” spaces (projective algebraic varieties), their complicated shapes can be covered (approximated) by a collection of simpler geometric pieces called algebraic cycles. The conjecture was first formulated by British

Charles Hodge was a conservative American biblical scholar and a leader of the “Princeton School” of Reformed, or Calvinist, theology. Hodge graduated from Princeton University in 1815. He became professor of biblical literature at Princeton Theological Seminary in 1822 and professor of theology in

Korea: The southern zone: John R. Hodge, the commanding general of the U.S. armed forces in Korea, refused to recognize the republic, asserting that the military government was the “only government” in Korea, as stipulated in General Order No. 1. The exiled Korean provisional government, on returning, also was…

Sir William Hodge was a British mathematician known for his work in algebraic geometry and his formulation of the Hodge conjecture. Hodge graduated from the University of Edinburgh with a degree in mathematics in 1923. He went on to further studies in mathematics at the University of Cambridge, and

Sir William Hodge was a British mathematician known for his work in algebraic geometry and his formulation of the Hodge conjecture. Hodge graduated from the University of Edinburgh with a degree in mathematics in 1923. He went on to further studies in mathematics at the University of Cambridge, and

Hodgenville, city, seat (1843) of Larue county, central Kentucky, U.S. It lies along the Nolin River just southeast of Elizabethtown. The area was settled in 1789 by Robert Hodgen, who moved there from Pennsylvania and erected a mill and tavern. The city is now an agricultural trading centre (beef,

children’s literature: Historical fiction: Felton), C. Walter Hodges, Hester Burton, Mary Ray, Naomi Mitchison, and K.M. Peyton, whose “Flambards” series is a kind of Edwardian historical family chronicle. Leon Garfield, though not working with historical characters, created strange picaresque tales that gave children a thrilling, often chilling insight into the…

Courtney Hicks Hodges was an American army officer who led the First Army across western Europe in 1944–45 during World War II. Hodges enlisted in the army in 1906 as a private and earned a commission as a second lieutenant in 1909. He was with General John J. Pershing’s punitive expedition into

New York Mets: …bygone era—over-the-hill veterans such as Gil Hodges, Duke Snider, and Yogi Berra—and coached by Casey Stengel, the Yankees manager during their string of five consecutive World Series championships (1949–53). This nostalgic effort did not translate into success on the field, and the team earned the nickname “Lovable Losers,” losing a…

Johnny Hodges was an American jazz saxophonist who was a featured soloist in Duke Ellington’s orchestra. Renowned for the beauty of his tone and his mastery of ballads, Hodges was among the most influential sax players in the history of jazz. Initially Hodges was a self-taught musician, playing

Johnny Hodges was an American jazz saxophonist who was a featured soloist in Duke Ellington’s orchestra. Renowned for the beauty of his tone and his mastery of ballads, Hodges was among the most influential sax players in the history of jazz. Initially Hodges was a self-taught musician, playing

Canadian literature: Fiction: Jack Hodgins maps a surreal island world in The Invention of the World (1977) and The Macken Charm (1995), mock-epics that both feature larger-than-life, eccentric characters and tell a colourful history of Vancouver Island. Fascinated by the imprint of the past on present lives, Jane…

Hodgkin lymphoma, an uncommon cancer of the lymphatic system (malignant lymphoma) that usually strikes young adults and people 55 years of age or older. Most patients can be cured if the disease is detected in its early stages, but even those with advanced Hodgkin lymphoma have a significant chance

Hodgkin lymphoma, an uncommon cancer of the lymphatic system (malignant lymphoma) that usually strikes young adults and people 55 years of age or older. Most patients can be cured if the disease is detected in its early stages, but even those with advanced Hodgkin lymphoma have a significant chance

Dorothy Hodgkin was an English chemist whose determination of the structure of penicillin and vitamin B12 brought her the 1964 Nobel Prize for Chemistry. Dorothy Crowfoot was the eldest of four sisters whose parents, John and Grace Mary Crowfoot, worked in North Africa and the Middle East in

Dorothy Hodgkin was an English chemist whose determination of the structure of penicillin and vitamin B12 brought her the 1964 Nobel Prize for Chemistry. Dorothy Crowfoot was the eldest of four sisters whose parents, John and Grace Mary Crowfoot, worked in North Africa and the Middle East in

Sir Alan Hodgkin was an English physiologist and biophysicist, who received (with Andrew Fielding Huxley and Sir John Eccles) the 1963 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for the discovery of the chemical processes responsible for the passage of impulses along individual nerve fibres. Hodgkin

Sir Alan Hodgkin was an English physiologist and biophysicist, who received (with Andrew Fielding Huxley and Sir John Eccles) the 1963 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for the discovery of the chemical processes responsible for the passage of impulses along individual nerve fibres. Hodgkin

Thomas Hodgkin was an English physician who early described (1832) the malignant disease of lymph tissue that bears his name. Educated at the University of Edinburgh, Hodgkin was an associate of the eminent physicians Richard Bright and Thomas Addison at Guy’s Hospital, London. His achievements in

Eaton Hodgkinson: …the eventual design of the I-beam, also known as the “Hodgkinson’s beam.”

Eaton Hodgkinson was an English mathematician and civil engineer. From 1847, he taught at University College in London. He researched the strength of materials, including cast iron and developed a concept for determining the neutral line (where stress changes from tension to compression) in a beam