gudgeon, (species Gobio gobio), common small fish of the carp family, Cyprinidae, found in clear, fresh waters of Europe and northern Asia. A grayish or greenish fish, the gudgeon has a barbel at each corner of its mouth and a row of blackish spots along each side. Rarely exceeding a length of 20

South Asian arts: Medieval temple architecture: North Indian style: …of two broad types: the gūḍhamaṇḍapas, which are enclosed by walls, light and air let in through windows or doors; and open halls, which are provided with balustrades rather than walls and are consequently lighter and airier. The sanctum almost invariably, and the maṇḍapas generally, have śikharas; those on the…

Hindu temple, sacred space in Hinduism for devotional worship of Hindu deities. Temples are considered to be homes for deities and powerful locations where the divine and human realms are bridged. Unlike in places of worship in many Western religions, attendance at a Hindu temple is not a ritual

Ugadi, Hindu festival celebrating the new year in the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and Karnataka. In Maharashtra and Goa states a similar and related festival is known as Gudi Padwa. Ugadi is celebrated on the first day of the Hindu month of Chaitra (March–April on the Gregorian

Western sculpture: Latin America: …and his nephew Zacarias, and Gudiño of Querétaro. Many were both sculptors and architects, a necessity of the times. In the 18th century considerable artistic stimulus was provided by the Spanish-born Neoclassicist Manuel Tolsa, first director of the Academy in Mexico City, first to produce an equestrian statue in the…

Halldór Laxness was an Icelandic novelist who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1955. He is considered the most creative Icelandic writer of the 20th century. Laxness spent most of his youth on the family farm. At age 17 he traveled to Europe, where he spent several years and, in the

Björk is an Icelandic singer-songwriter and actress best known for her avant-garde solo work covering a wide variety of music styles. Integrating electronic and organic sounds, her music frequently explores the relationship between nature and technology. The daughter of environmental activist

Kristmann Gudmundsson was an Icelandic novelist who gained an international reputation with his many works of romantic fiction, several of which were written in Norwegian. Gudmundsson was born out of wedlock to a country girl who left him in the care of her impoverished family. At age 13 he ran

Tómas Gudmundsson was a poet best known for introducing Reykjavík as a subject in Icelandic poetry. His poetic language is characterized by Neoromantic expressions and colloquial realism. Gudmundsson, who was born in the countryside, graduated in law from the University of Iceland in Reykjavík and

Gudmundur G. Hagalín was an Icelandic novelist, short-story writer, and essayist. His works constitute a social history of Iceland from World War I to the post-World War II period. Hagalín was born in northwestern Iceland, where men live by fishing in wild weather and farming the half-barren land.

Gudmundur Kamban was one of Iceland’s most important 20th-century dramatists and novelists. His work, which is anchored in a deep historical awareness, frequently criticized modern Western values and spoke in favour of compassion and understanding. He wrote his works in both the Icelandic and

Albrecht Rodenbach: …wrote a grandiose verse play, Gudrun, which was published posthumously in 1882. Rodenbach’s militant poems and songs were taken up with enthusiasm by the Roman Catholic Flemish youth movement in the 1880s. His collected works (Verzamelde werken), edited by F. Baur, were published in three volumes from 1956 to 1960.

Gudrun, heroine of several Old Norse legends whose principal theme is revenge. She is the sister of Gunnar and wife of Sigurd (Siegfried) and, after Sigurd’s death, of Atli. Her sufferings as a wife, sister, and mother are the unifying elements of several poems. The counterpart of Kriemhild in the

Ninurta: …major festival of his, the Gudsisu Festival, marked in Nippur the beginning of the plowing season.

Nathan Söderblom: His most important book is Gudstrons uppkomst (1914), a study emphasizing holiness rather than the idea of God as the basic notion in religious thought.

kabaddi, game played between two teams on opposite halves of a field or court. Individual players take turns crossing onto the other team’s side, repeating “kabaddi, kabaddi” (or an alternate chant); points are scored by tagging as many opponents as possible without being caught or taking a breath

Mesopotamian religion: Administration: …on the temple estate, and gudus (priests), who looked after the god as house servants. Among the priestesses the highest-ranking was termed en (Akkadian: entu). They were usually princesses of royal blood and were considered the human spouses of the gods they served, participating as brides in the rites of…

Indus River: Irrigation of the Indus River: The Guddu Barrage is just inside the Sindh border and is some 4,450 feet (1,356 meters) long; it irrigates cultivated land in the region of Sukkur, Jacobabad, and parts of Larkana and Kalat districts. The project has greatly increased the cultivation of rice, but cotton also…

Gondophernes was an Indo-Parthian king in the areas of Arachosia, Kabul, and Gandhara (present Afghanistan and Pakistan). Some scholars recognize the name of Gondophernes through its Armenian form, Gastaphar, in Gaspar, the traditional name of one of the Magi (Wise Men) who came from the East to

Frelimo: Armando Guebuza, secretary-general of Frelimo, was chosen to be the party’s presidential candidate and was victorious in the 2004 elections. The following year he succeeded Chissano as leader of Frelimo. In Mozambique’s 2009 elections Guebuza was reelected, and Frelimo maintained its majority in the legislature.…

France: The Vosges: …the Ballon de Guebwiller (Mount Guebwiller), with an elevation of 4,669 feet (1,423 metres). To the north the Vosges massif dips beneath a cover of forested sandstone from the Triassic Period (about 250 to 200 million years ago).

Getxo, city, suburb of Bilbao, Vizcaya provincia (province), in the comunidad autónoma (autonomous community) of Basque Country, northern Spain. It is located near where the Nervión River empties into the Bay of Biscay and includes four barrios (city districts): Algorta, Las Arenas, Neguri, and

Ahuachapán, city, western El Salvador, on the small Molino River (with a hydroelectric station) at the foot of La Lagunita Volcano. Originally called Güeciapam by the Indians, it was renamed Agüecha before becoming the town (1823) and the city (1862) of Ahuachapán. A manufacturing and distributing

Guéckédou, town, southern Guinea, at the intersection of roads from Kailahun (Sierra Leone), Kissidougou, and Macenta. It is the chief trading centre for rice, coffee, kola nuts, and palm oil and kernels. The town is located in a forested area of the Guinea Highlands mainly inhabited by the Kisi

History of film: France: …That’s Just like You); and Robert Guédiguian, a writer-producer-director known for works such as Marius et Jeannette (1997) and Á la place du coeur (1998), which effectively blend affectionate character studies with biting social satire.

Nicaragua: Daily life and social customs: …is the annual performance of El Güegüense, a satirical drama that depicts resistance to colonial rule. The spectacular is performed in January during the feast of San Sebastián, patron saint of the city of Diriamba, and combines folk music, dance, and theatre. El Güegüense, whose name derives from the Nahuatl…

guei, in indigenous Chinese religion, a troublesome spirit that roams the world causing misfortune, illness, and death. Guei are spirits of individuals who were not properly buried or whose families neglected the proper memorial offerings; they lack the means to ascend to the spirit world, hence

Bolivia: Transition to civilian rule: …after a failed coup, whereupon Lidia Gueiler Tejada was chosen by military, political, and union leaders to serve as interim president, becoming the first woman to hold the country’s highest office. In July 1980, before Congress could choose a new president, the military staged a bloody coup, during which one…

Richat Structure, large geographic feature with a diameter of about 50 km (30 miles), consisting of a series of concentric rings located in the Sahara near the town of Ouadane, Mauritania. Named for a Berber term for “feather,” the Richat Structure was originally thought to be an impact crater

Dipsacales: Adoxaceae: …of its cultivated species include guelder rose (V. opulus), arrowwood (V. dentatum), and Chinese snowball (V. macrocephalum).

viburnum: … variety roseum, is known as snowball, or guelder rose, for its round, roselike heads of sterile florets. Chinese snowball (V. macrocephalum variety sterile) and Japanese snowball (V. plicatum) are common snowball bushes with large balls of white to greenish white flowers. The 4.5-metre- (15-foot-) high black haw (V. prunifolium), of…

Gelderland, provincie (province), eastern and central Netherlands. It extends from the German border westward to the narrow Lake Veluwe (separating Gelderland from several polders of Flevoland province) between the provinces of Overijssel (north) and Noord-Brabant, Zuid-Holland, and Utrecht

Guelf and Ghibelline, members of two opposing factions in German and Italian politics during the Middle Ages. The split between the Guelfs, who were sympathetic to the papacy, and the Ghibellines, who were sympathetic to the German (Holy Roman) emperors, contributed to chronic strife within the

Welf Dynasty, dynasty of German nobles and rulers who were the chief rivals of the Hohenstaufens in Italy and central Europe in the Middle Ages and who later included the Hanoverian Welfs, who, with the accession of George I to the British throne, became rulers of Great Britain. The origin of the

Antoni Gaudí: The patronage of Eusebi Güell: About the time Gaudí graduated from the School of Architecture in 1878, he met the wealthy industrialist Eusebi Güell. The head of a textile manufacturing business, Güell recognized Gaudí’s unusual artistic vision after encountering his work at the 1878 Paris World’s Fair, and…

Ismail Omar Guelleh is the president of Djibouti. Guelleh was first elected to that post in 1999 and has since been reelected multiple times, most recently in April 2026, in elections that have been routinely boycotted by the opposition. As president, Guelleh has presided over economic growth and

Guelma, town, northeastern Algeria. It lies on the right bank of the Wadi el-Rabate just above its confluence with the Wadi Seybouse. Originally settled as pre-Roman Calama, it became a proconsular province and the bishopric of St. Possidius, biographer and student of St. Augustine. Among the

Guelmim, town, southwestern Morocco. Situated in the southern Anti-Atlas mountains near the northwestern edge of the Sahara, Guelmim is a walled town with houses built out of sun-dried red clay and is encircled by date palm groves. Historically it was a caravan centre linked (especially in the 19th

Guelmim, town, southwestern Morocco. Situated in the southern Anti-Atlas mountains near the northwestern edge of the Sahara, Guelmim is a walled town with houses built out of sun-dried red clay and is encircled by date palm groves. Historically it was a caravan centre linked (especially in the 19th

Guelph, city, seat (1838) of Wellington county, southeastern Ontario, Canada. It lies along the Speed River, 40 miles (65 km) west-southwest of Toronto. Founded in 1827 alongside the falls on the river by John Galt, a Scottish novelist and colonizer, it was named after the Guelfs (Welfs), the

Welf Dynasty, dynasty of German nobles and rulers who were the chief rivals of the Hohenstaufens in Italy and central Europe in the Middle Ages and who later included the Hanoverian Welfs, who, with the accession of George I to the British throne, became rulers of Great Britain. The origin of the

University of Guelph, Public university in Guelph, Ont., Can. It is an important centre for research in scientific agriculture, having been established (1964) through the merger of Ontario Agricultural College (1874), Ontario Veterinary College (1862), and a newly created liberal arts college.

Welf Dynasty, dynasty of German nobles and rulers who were the chief rivals of the Hohenstaufens in Italy and central Europe in the Middle Ages and who later included the Hanoverian Welfs, who, with the accession of George I to the British throne, became rulers of Great Britain. The origin of the

Ousmane Sembène: Guelwaar (1993), a commentary on the fractious religious life of Senegal, tells of the confusion that arises when the bodies of a Muslim and a Catholic (Guelwaar) are switched at the morgue. Moolaadé (2004; “Protection”), which received the prize for Un Certain Regard at Cannes,…

Salta: …on June 17 honours General Martín Güemes, a gaucho leader who opposed the Spanish in 1814–21. The city’s commercial prominence dates from colonial times, when it was the scene of large pastoral fairs.

Puelche, extinct South American Indian tribe that inhabited the grassy Pampas in the vicinity of the Río Negro and Río Colorado and ranged north as far as the Río de la Plata. The Puelche had their own language but in social and economic characteristics resembled their Patagonian and Pampean

guenon, (genus Cercopithecus), any of 26 species of widely distributed African monkeys characterized by bold markings of white or bright colours. Guenons are slim, graceful quadrupedal monkeys with long arms and legs, short faces, and nonprehensile tails that are longer than the combined head and

dik-dik: …inhabit the Horn of Africa: Guenther’s dik-dik (Madoqua guentheri), Salt’s dik-dik (M. saltiana), and the silver dik-dik (M. piacentinii). Kirk’s dik-dik (M. kirkii), the best-known dik-dik, is a common resident of acacia savannas in Kenya and Tanzania. Guenther’s and Kirk’s dik-diks overlap in Kenya. An isolated population of Kirk’s dik-dik,…

corset: By the 1950s the guêpière, also known as a bustier or waspie, became fashionable.

Montfort Family: …as John IV, by the Treaty of Guérande (1365). Thenceforward he and his descendants John V (d. 1442), Francis I (d. 1450), Peter II (d. 1457), Arthur III (d. 1458; see Richemont, Arthur, constable de), and Francis II (d. 1488) constituted the House of Montfort as dukes of Brittany. But…

Prosper-Louis-Pascal Guéranger was a monk who restored Benedictine monasticism in France and pioneered the modern liturgical revival. Guéranger, ordained a priest in 1827, was an Ultramontanist (pro-papist) who reacted against Gallicanism, a movement advocating the administrative independence of

nouvelle cuisine: Origins and tenets: nouvelle movement included Paul Bocuse, Michel Guérard, and the food critics Henri Gault and Christian Millau of Le Nouveau Guide. Gault and Millau, with their friend André Gayot, had founded the publication in 1969 to protest the Michelin guide, which they criticized as “a stubborn bastion of conservatism” that ignored…

Il Guercino was an Italian painter whose frescoes freshly exploited the illusionistic ceiling, making a profound impact on 17th-century Baroque decoration. His nickname Il Guercino (“The Squinting One”) was derived from a physical defect. Guercino received his earliest training locally, but the

Kru languages: …of Kru languages are the Guere language complex, with some 500,000 speakers, and Bassa, with some 350,000 speakers. In eastern Kru the Bete language complex numbers more than 500,000 speakers.

Guéret, town and capital of Creuse département, Nouvelle-Aquitaine région, central France. It lies about 45 miles (73 km) northeast of Limoges. The feudal capital of the ancient French province of La Marche, Guéret grew up around a 7th-century abbey situated in an area of foothills at an elevation

guereza, any of several species of colobus monkeys distinguished by their black and white pelts, especially Colobus guereza (known more commonly as the mantled guereza or the Abyssinian black-and-white colobus) from the East African mountains of Uganda and northern Democratic Republic of the Congo

colobus: …the Abyssinian colobus, or mantled guereza (C. guereza), of the East African mountains, including Mount Kenya and Kilimanjaro. This colobus has a long beautiful veil of white hair along each flank and a long white brush on the tail. The pelts are valued by native populations as ornaments, and at…

Otto von Guericke was a German physicist, engineer, and natural philosopher who invented the first air pump and used it to study the phenomenon of vacuum and the role of air in combustion and respiration. Guericke was educated at the University of Leipzig and studied law at the University of Jena

gueridon, small stand or table designed to support a candelabrum. It was introduced into France and Italy in the second half of the 17th century in the form of a carved black figure, known as a blackamoor, holding a tray above his or her head. Some of the finest examples of gueridons were carved by

guerrilla, member of an irregular military force fighting small-scale, limited actions, in concert with an overall political-military strategy, against conventional military forces. Guerrilla tactics involve constantly shifting attack operations and include the use of sabotage and terrorism. A

St. Mother Théodore Guérin ; canonized 2006; feast day October 3) was a Franco-American religious leader who supervised the founding of a number of Roman Catholic schools in Indiana. Anne-Thérèse Guérin entered the community of the Sisters of Providence at Ruillé-sur-Loir, France, in 1823, and in

Camille Guérin was a French co-developer, with Albert Calmette, of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin, or BCG, a vaccine that was widely used in Europe and America in combating tuberculosis. After preparing for a career in veterinary medicine, Guérin joined Calmette at the Pasteur Institute in Lille in 1897;

Maurice de Guérin was a French Romantic poet who achieved cultish admiration after his death. Reared in a strictly Roman Catholic, Royalist family by his possessive sister, Eugénie, Guérin prepared for a clerical career at the Collège Stanislas in Paris. There he met the young novelist and critic

Lincoln Memorial: …ceiling are two paintings by Jules Guerin, Reunion and Progress and Emancipation of a Race. On a direct east-west axis with the Washington Monument and the United States Capitol, the Lincoln Memorial serves as the terminus to the western end of the Mall. It is situated on the Reflecting Pool…

Maurice de Guérin was a French Romantic poet who achieved cultish admiration after his death. Reared in a strictly Roman Catholic, Royalist family by his possessive sister, Eugénie, Guérin prepared for a clerical career at the Collège Stanislas in Paris. There he met the young novelist and critic

St. Mother Théodore Guérin ; canonized 2006; feast day October 3) was a Franco-American religious leader who supervised the founding of a number of Roman Catholic schools in Indiana. Anne-Thérèse Guérin entered the community of the Sisters of Providence at Ruillé-sur-Loir, France, in 1823, and in

Pierre-Narcisse, Baron Guérin was a French painter and the teacher of both Eugène Delacroix and Théodore Géricault. He won the Prix de Rome in 1797 and had an early success with his topical Return of Marcus Sextus (1799). Phèdre et Hippolyte (1802) and Andromaque et Pyrrhus (1810) are melodramatic,

horsemanship: Military horsemanship: In 1733 François Robichon de la Guérinière published École de cavalerie (“School of Cavalry”), in which he explained how a horse can be trained without being forced into submission, the fundamental precept of modern dressage. Dressage is the methodical training of a horse for any of a…

Guermantes family, fictional characters in Marcel Proust’s seven-part novel À la recherche du temps perdu (1913–27; Remembrance of Things Past or In Search of Lost Time). Just as the family of Charles Swann signifies, to the narrator Marcel, the wealthy bourgeoisie, the Guermantes family, with its

Guernes de Pont-Sainte-Maxence was a wandering scholar from the Île-de-France, author of the first vernacular life of St. Thomas Becket. His work reveals passionate devotion to the saint and shows considerable literary merit. Guernes wrote his Vie de saint Thomas Becket (composed in verse c. 1174)

Guernica, city, just northeast of Bilbao, Vizcaya provincia (province), in the comunidad autónoma (autonomous community) of Basque Country, northern Spain. The city, on the Río de Plencia (Butrón) near the inlet of the Bay of Biscay, is the statutory capital of the former lordship of Vizcaya,

Guernica, a large black-and-white oil painting executed by Spanish artist Pablo Picasso in 1937 following the German bombing of Guernica, a city in Spain’s Basque region. The complex painting received mixed reviews when it was shown in the Spanish Republic Pavilion at the world’s fair in Paris, but

Guernica, city, just northeast of Bilbao, Vizcaya provincia (province), in the comunidad autónoma (autonomous community) of Basque Country, northern Spain. The city, on the Río de Plencia (Butrón) near the inlet of the Bay of Biscay, is the statutory capital of the former lordship of Vizcaya,

Guernsey, breed of dairy cattle originating on Guernsey, one of the Channel Islands. Like the Jersey, this breed is thought to have descended from the cattle of nearby Normandy and Brittany. All the cattle of the Channel Islands were at one time known as Alderneys. After laws had been enacted

Guernsey, British crown dependency and island, second largest of the Channel Islands. It is 30 miles (48 km) west of Normandy, France, and roughly triangular in shape. With Alderney, Sark, Herm, Jethou, and associated islets, it forms the Bailiwick of Guernsey. Its capital is St. Peter Port. In the

Lily James: Baby Driver, Darkest Hour, and other roles from the late 2010s: …during World War II, in The Guernsey Literary and Potato Peel Pie Society; the struggling sister of a reforming drug dealer (played by Tessa Thompson) in writer-director Nia DaCosta’s breakout drama Little Woods; and a young version of Donna Sheridan in Mamma Mia! Here We Go Again, the sequel to…

Guernsey, British crown dependency and island, second largest of the Channel Islands. It is 30 miles (48 km) west of Normandy, France, and roughly triangular in shape. With Alderney, Sark, Herm, Jethou, and associated islets, it forms the Bailiwick of Guernsey. Its capital is St. Peter Port. In the

The English flag (incorporating the Cross of St. George) was flown by the government of Guernsey for centuries. In the mid-19th century a Cross of St. George was displayed on a background of blue and white squares with the Union Jack in the canton. Several unofficial flags for Guernsey were adopted

Beck: With his 2005 release, Guero, Beck was back to collaborating with the Dust Brothers and back to genre-hopping, as his musical scavenging led to the incorporation of elements of blues, Latin American music, rap-rock, and 1970s rhythm and blues; Guerolito, a track-by-track set of deluxe remixes of Guero by…

Cuban Independence Movement: A second uprising, La Guerra Chiquita (“The Little War”), engineered by Calixto García, began in August 1879 but was quelled by superior Spanish forces in autumn 1880. Spain gave Cuba representation in the Cortes (parliament) and abolished slavery in 1886. Other promised reforms, however, never materialized.

Mexican-American War, war between the United States and Mexico (April 1846–February 1848) stemming from the United States’ annexation of Texas in 1845 and from a dispute over whether Texas ended at the Nueces River (Mexican claim) or the Rio Grande (U.S. claim). The war—in which U.S. forces were

Mexican-American War, war between the United States and Mexico (April 1846–February 1848) stemming from the United States’ annexation of Texas in 1845 and from a dispute over whether Texas ended at the Nueces River (Mexican claim) or the Rio Grande (U.S. claim). The war—in which U.S. forces were

Mario Vargas Llosa: Literary works and political career: …del fin del mundo (1981; The War of the End of the World), an account of the 19th-century political conflicts in Brazil, became a best seller in Spanish-speaking countries. Three of his plays—La señorita de Tacna (1981; The Young Lady of Tacna), Kathie y el hipopotamo (1983; Kathie and the…

Alejo Carpentier: …volume Guerra del tiempo (1958; War of Time). Carpentier’s second novel, and the first to enjoy wide acclaim, was El reino de este mundo (1950; The Kingdom of This World); it is about the Haitian revolution. In the prologue to this work, Carpentier expounds on magic realism, which he defines…

Italian literature: Social commitment and the new realism: …The Sky Is Red] and Guerra in camicia nera [1955; “A Blackshirt’s War”]) and by Mario Rigoni Stern (Il sergente nella neve [1952; The Sergeant in the Snow]). By contrast, there were humorous recollections of provincial life under fascism—for example, Mario Tobino’s Bandiera nera (1950; “Black Flag”) and Goffredo Parise

Filippo Tommaso Marinetti: In a volume of poems, Guerra sola igiene del mondo (1915; “War the Only Hygiene of the World”), Marinetti exulted over the outbreak of World War I and urged that Italy be involved. He became an active Fascist, an enthusiastic backer of Mussolini, and argued in Futurismo e Fascismo (1924)…

Dirty War, infamous campaign waged from 1976 to 1983 by Argentina’s military dictatorship against suspected left-wing political opponents. It is estimated that between 10,000 and 30,000 citizens were killed. Many of them were “disappeared”—seized by the authorities and never heard from again.

Ginés Pérez de Hita: …Guerras civiles de Granada (“The Civil Wars of Granada”). The book is considered the first Spanish historical novel and the last important collection of Moorish border ballads, the latter punctuating the book’s narrative.

Italian literature: The Risorgimento and after: …historical novels and those of Francesco Guerrazzi now have a rather limited interest; and Mazzini’s didactic writings—of great merit in their good intentions—are generally regarded as unduly oratorical. Giovanni Prati and Aleardo Aleardi, protagonists of the “Second Romanticism,” wrote poetry of a sentimentality that helped to provoke a variety of…

Alain Resnais: …political figures, however, as in La Guerre est finie (1966; “The War Is Over”), his scrupulosity and tragic humanism are so much in evidence that his work transcends partisan feelings.

Martin Guerre, fictional character in Janet Lewis’s novel The Wife of Martin Guerre (1941), based on a 16th-century villager from Gascony who, after a decade of marriage to Bertrande de Rols, vanishes. About eight years later, Arnaud du Thil, a man resembling Guerre, arrives and is accepted by

Guerrero, estado (state), southwestern Mexico. It is bounded by the Pacific Ocean to the south and west and by the states of Michoacán to the northwest, México and Morelos to the north, Puebla to the northeast, and Oaxaca to the east. Chilpancingo (Chilpancingo de los Bravo) is the capital city.

Latin American architecture: The Baroque in the New World: …in Guadalupe (Mexico), designed by Francisco Guerrero y Torres in the late 18th century, is one of the most significant examples of Baroque-influenced architecture in Spanish America. While this influence in Mexico and Peru remained limited to planar decorative treatments, Pocito instead presents a complex interweaving of Baroque spaces much…

Chilpancingo: …depends almost entirely on the Autonomous University of Guerrero (founded 1869) and on employment with government agencies. Light manufactures include processed foods and alcoholic beverages. The city is a market for corn (maize), sugarcane, bananas, livestock, and lumber produced in its hinterland. It is on the Mexico City–Acapulco highway and…

Francisco Guerrero was one of the leading Spanish composers of the 16th century. Guerrero was a choirboy in Sevilla (Seville) and at age 18 became chapelmaster at Jaén Cathedral in Andalusia, Spain. In 1546 he was appointed cantor at Sevilla Cathedral, assuming effective musical directorship in

Panama: Early years: Manuel Amador Guerrero became the first president, and universal suffrage was adopted in June 1907. As had been the case under Colombian government, traditional Liberal and Conservative parties dominated politics, but personalities and family ties proved more important than ideology in most contests. Political and…

Vicente Guerrero was a hero of the Mexican efforts to secure independence. Guerrero began his military career in 1810, and soon the early Mexican independence leader José Maria Morelos commissioned him to promote the revolutionary movement in the highlands of southwestern Mexico. After Morelos’

Los Angeles Angels: …the addition of perennial All-Star Vladimir Guerrero in 2004, along with the continued development of young pitchers such as Francisco Rodriguez, the Angels became a yearly playoff contender—winning division titles in 2004, 2005, 2007, 2008, and 2009—and one of baseball’s best teams through the end of the first decade of…

Constitution: …victory over the British frigate Guerriere. Tradition has it that during this encounter the American sailors, on seeing British shot failing to penetrate the oak sides of their ship, dubbed it “Old Ironsides.” Several other victories added to its fame.

guerrilla, member of an irregular military force fighting small-scale, limited actions, in concert with an overall political-military strategy, against conventional military forces. Guerrilla tactics involve constantly shifting attack operations and include the use of sabotage and terrorism. A