• Fort Valley (Georgia, United States)

    Fort Valley, city, seat (1924) of Peach county, central Georgia, U.S., about 30 miles (50 km) southwest of Macon. Settled about 1820, the community developed after the railroad arrived in 1851 as a shipping and canning centre for an extensive peach-growing area. The city’s modern manufactures

  • Fort Valley State University (university, Fort Valley, Georgia, United States)

    Fort Valley State University, public, coeducational institution of higher learning in Fort Valley, Georgia, U.S. It is a historically black university, part of the University System of Georgia, and a land-grant college; its enrollment remains predominantly African American. The university comprises

  • Fort Victoria (British Columbia, Canada)

    Victoria, city, capital of British Columbia, Canada, located on the southern tip of Vancouver Island between the Juan de Fuca and Haro straits, approximately 60 miles (100 km) south-southwest of the province’s largest city, Vancouver. Victoria is the largest urban area on the island. It has the

  • Fort Victoria (Zimbabwe)

    Masvingo, town, south-central Zimbabwe. It was founded in 1890 near the Macheke and Mshangashe rivers and became a municipality in 1953. A fort was built there and named for Queen Victoria. Located on the road between Harare (formerly Salisbury) and Pretoria and the terminus of a railway spur from

  • Fort Wagner, Morris Island, Battle of (American Civil War [1863])

    Second Battle of Fort Wagner, unsuccessful Union assault on July 18, 1863, during the American Civil War (1861–65) on Confederate-held Fort Wagner on Morris Island, South Carolina. An early assault on the fort on July 11 (the First Battle of Fort Wagner) had been just as unsuccessful. Despite the

  • Fort Wagner, Second Battle of (American Civil War [1863])

    Second Battle of Fort Wagner, unsuccessful Union assault on July 18, 1863, during the American Civil War (1861–65) on Confederate-held Fort Wagner on Morris Island, South Carolina. An early assault on the fort on July 11 (the First Battle of Fort Wagner) had been just as unsuccessful. Despite the

  • Fort Walton Beach (Florida, United States)

    Fort Walton Beach, city, Okaloosa county, northwestern Florida, U.S. It lies at the western end of Choctawhatchee Bay (an arm of the Gulf of Mexico), on Santa Rosa Sound (separated from the gulf by Santa Rosa Island), about 40 miles (65 km) east of Pensacola. The fort was established during the

  • Fort Wayne (Indiana, United States)

    Fort Wayne, city, seat (1824) of Allen county, northeastern Indiana, U.S., at the confluence of the St. Marys and St. Joseph rivers where they form the Maumee River, 121 miles (195 km) northeast of Indianapolis. The waters, spanned by 21 bridges, divide the city into three parts. The place was

  • Fort Wayne Daisies (American baseball team)

    All-American Girls Professional Baseball League: 
as the Milwaukee Chicks, the Fort Wayne Daisies, and the Rockford Peaches reveal their biases. Players were also required to embody what Wrigley designated as “the highest ideals of womanhood.” On the field, these ideals translated to the wearing of lipstick and short skirts that were extremely ill-suited for sliding


  • Fort Wayne Sentinel (American newspaper)

    William Rockhill Nelson: Morss, he bought the Fort Wayne Sentinel in 1878. The partners sold that Indiana paper after a year and a half and moved to Kansas City, Missouri, where they founded the Evening Star.

  • Fort William (Scotland, United Kingdom)

    Fort William, small burgh (town) in the Highland council area, historic county of Inverness-shire, western Scotland. It lies at the northeastern end of Loch Linnhe and at the foot of Ben Nevis, Britain’s highest mountain. The original fort was built in 1654 to keep the peace in the Highlands; it

  • Fort William (city, Ontario, Canada)

    Thunder Bay, city, seat of Thunder Bay district, west-central Ontario, Canada, on Lake Superior’s Thunder Bay, at the mouth of the Kaministiquia River. Probably first occupied by French fur traders as early as 1678, its site was permanently settled only after the birth of the towns Port Arthur and

  • Fort William College (college, Kolkata, India)

    Islamic arts: General considerations: 
of the British scholars at Fort William at Calcutta (now Kolkata) brought new literary treasures to Europe, where they were studied carefully by specialists in the emerging field of Islamic studies. Poets such as Goethe in Germany in the early 19th century paved the way for a deeper understanding of


  • Fort Worth (Texas, United States)

    Fort Worth, city, seat of Tarrant county, north-central Texas, U.S. It lies at the confluence of the Clear and West forks of the Trinity River and constitutes the western portion of the Dallas–Fort Worth urban area, known locally as the Metroplex. Dallas lies 30 miles (48 km) east; other cities of

  • Fort Worth Zoological Park (zoo, Fort Worth, Texas, United States)

    Fort Worth Zoological Park, municipally owned zoo in Fort Worth, Texas, U.S. Established in 1909, the 76-acre (31-hectare) zoo is managed by the Fort Worth Zoological Association and exhibits more than 5,000 specimens of some 500 species. The zoo’s herpetarium has a large collection of reptiles and

  • Fort Yukon (historical settlement, North America)

    Yukon: Early inhabitants and nonnative settlers: Farther north, Fort Yukon (now in Alaska) was established in 1847 on the Yukon River in what was then Russian territory. Relocated after the U.S. purchase of Alaska from Russia in 1867, and again in 1890, Fort Yukon remained a centre for a small fur trade.

  • Fort Yuma–Quechan Reservation (reservation, Arizona, United States)

    Quechan: 
contemporary Quechan live on the Fort Yuma–Quechan Reservation near Yuma, Ariz., west of the Colorado River. It borders Mexico and California. Some of the reservation land is still farmed. The Fort Yuma–Quechan Museum, established in what was once the Fort Yuma officer’s mess, presents a history of the tribe and


  • Fort, Paul (French poet)

    Paul Fort was a French poet and innovator of literary experiments, usually associated with the Symbolist movement. At the age of 18, reacting against the Naturalistic theatre, Fort founded the Théùtre d’Art (1890–93), in which formalized backcloths and stylized performances were substituted for

  • Fort-Archambault (Chad)

    Sarh, city, southern Chad, north-central Africa, located on the Chari River. It is named for the dominant ethnic group, the Sara, and is the country’s third largest city. Its warm and seasonally wet climate permits the cultivation of cotton, Chad’s major export, in the locality. An economically

  • Fort-Charles (Quebec, Canada)

    Waskaganish, village and trading post in Nord-du-QuĂ©bec region, western Quebec province, Canada, on James Bay, at the mouth of the Rupert River. It was founded in 1668 as the first Hudson’s Bay Company post by the MĂ©dart Chouart, sieur de Groseilliers; it was at first called Fort-Charles (or

  • Fort-Chimo (Quebec, Canada)

    Kuujjuaq, Inuit (Eskimo) village in Nord-du-QuĂ©bec region, northeastern Quebec province, Canada. It lies along the Koksoak River, about 20 miles (30 km) above the latter’s mouth on Ungava Bay. Kuujjuaq is located in a region rich in iron ore. The Hudson’s Bay Company established a trading post

  • Fort-Dauphin (Madagascar)

    TĂŽlan̈aro, town, southeastern tip of Madagascar. It was settled temporarily between 1504 and 1528 by shipwrecked Portuguese sailors. The French built a fort there in 1643, and Étienne de Flacourt wrote his descriptive Histoire de la Grande Isle de Madagascar there in 1661. A port on the Indian

  • Fort-de-France (Martinique)

    Fort-de-France, city and capital of the French overseas département and région of Martinique, in the West Indies. It lies on the west coast of the island of Martinique, at the northern entrance to the large Fort-de-France Bay, at the mouth of the Madame River. The city occupies a narrow plain

  • Fort-Gouraud (Mauritania)

    Fdérik, mining village, north-central Mauritania, western Africa, just west of Zoußrùt. It is important as the base for the exploitation of extensive iron-ore deposits in the nearby Mount Ijill. The iron ore is exported through the Atlantic port of Nouadhibou, via a 419-mile (674-kilometre)

  • Fort-Lamy (national capital, Chad)

    N’Djamena, city, capital of Chad, located on the country’s southwestern border, adjacent to Cameroon. It lies on the east bank of the Chari River at its confluence with the Logone River, in an alluvial plain that is flooded during the rainy season (July–September). The city was founded in 1900

  • Fort-Pontchartrain-du-DĂ©troit (Michigan, United States)

    Detroit, city, seat of Wayne county, southeastern Michigan, U.S. It is located on the Detroit River (connecting Lakes Erie and St. Clair) opposite Windsor, Ontario, Canada. It was founded in 1701 by a French trader, Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac, who built a fort on the river and named it Fort

  • Fort-Royal (Martinique)

    Fort-de-France, city and capital of the French overseas département and région of Martinique, in the West Indies. It lies on the west coast of the island of Martinique, at the northern entrance to the large Fort-de-France Bay, at the mouth of the Madame River. The city occupies a narrow plain

  • Fort-Rupert (Quebec, Canada)

    Waskaganish, village and trading post in Nord-du-QuĂ©bec region, western Quebec province, Canada, on James Bay, at the mouth of the Rupert River. It was founded in 1668 as the first Hudson’s Bay Company post by the MĂ©dart Chouart, sieur de Groseilliers; it was at first called Fort-Charles (or

  • Fort-Saint-Jacques (Quebec, Canada)

    Waskaganish, village and trading post in Nord-du-QuĂ©bec region, western Quebec province, Canada, on James Bay, at the mouth of the Rupert River. It was founded in 1668 as the first Hudson’s Bay Company post by the MĂ©dart Chouart, sieur de Groseilliers; it was at first called Fort-Charles (or

  • Fort-Saint-Louis (Illinois, United States)

    RenĂ©-Robert Cavelier, sieur de La Salle: Attempts to expand New France: 
following year La Salle built Fort-Saint-Louis at Starved Rock on the Illinois River (now a state park), and here he organized a colony of several thousand Indians. To maintain the new colony, he sought help from Quebec, but Frontenac had been replaced by a governor hostile to La Salle’s interests,


  • Fort-Saint-Pierre (Ontario, Canada)

    Fort Frances, town, centre of the Rainy River district, western Ontario, Canada. It lies on the north bank of Rainy River (the Canada-U.S. boundary), opposite International Falls, Minnesota. Originating as a fur-trading post, Fort-Saint-Pierre, built near the present townsite in 1731, it was

  • fortabte spillemĂŠnd, De (work by Heinesen)

    Faroese literature: Development during the 20th century: 
masterpiece De fortabte spillemĂŠnd (1950; The Lost Musicians). Here, as in the rest of his varied writings, Heinesen renders Faroese life as a microcosm illustrative of social, psychological, and cosmic themes. The other three authors—Christian Matras, Heðin BrĂș (Hans Jakob Jacobsen), and Martin Joensen—wrote in Faroese. The works of Matras


  • Fortaleza (Brazil)

    Fortaleza, port city and state capital, northeastern CearĂĄ estado (state), northeastern Brazil. The city lies at the mouth of the PajeĂș River on a crescent-shaped indentation of the coastline. Fortaleza originated as a small village adjoining a Portuguese fort (built as a defense against Indian

  • Fortang, Joe (American radio and TV host)

    This Is Spinal Tap: American talk show host Joe Franklin also was unaware that the band was a parody when he interviewed the actors in 1984.

  • Fortas, Abe (United States jurist)

    Abe Fortas was a lawyer and associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (1965–69). Nominated to replace Earl Warren as chief justice by Pres. Lyndon B. Johnson in 1968, Fortas became the first nominee for that post since 1795 to fail to win Senate approval. The following year he

  • Forte, Alessandro (Canadian scientist)

    New Madrid earthquakes of 1811–12: Possible causes of the New Madrid earthquakes: In 2006 Canadian Earth scientist Alessandro Forte proposed an alternate explanation: that movement along the fault was caused by local changes to the mantle flow beneath the NMSZ. Using high-resolution seismic tomography, he found evidence that the remains of the Farallon slab, a small tectonic plate that subducted beneath the


  • Forte, Fabian (American singer)

    rock: A Black and white hybrid: 
such as Frankie Avalon and Fabian were replaced in the charts by vocal groups such as the Shirelles. A new rock-and-roll hybrid of Black and white music appeared: Spector derived the mini-dramas of girl groups such as the Crystals and the Ronettes from the vocal rhythm-and-blues style of doo-wop, the


  • Forteguerri, NiccolĂČ Cardinal (Italian clergyman)

    Andrea del Verrocchio: Paintings and sculptures: 
to a Tuscan ecclesiastical dignitary, NiccolĂČ Cardinal Forteguerri. Ordered in 1476, the cenotaph was still unfinished when Verrocchio died, and its completion was entrusted first to Lorenzo di Credi, then to Lorenzetti, and finally to a minor Italian Baroque sculptor. Though its effect has been altered by changes and additions


  • Forten, Charlotte Louise Bridges (American abolitionist and educator)

    Charlotte Forten Grimké was an American abolitionist and educator best known for the five volumes of diaries she wrote. They were published posthumously. Forten was born into a prominent free Black family in Philadelphia. Her father ran a successful sail-making business. Many members of her family

  • Forten, Robert (American abolitionist)

    United States: Abolitionism of the United States: 
such as David Walker and Robert Forten and formerly enslaved persons such as Frederick Douglass, who had the clearest of all reasons to work for the cause but who shared some broader humanitarian motives with their white coworkers.

  • Fortensky, Larry (American construction worker)

    Elizabeth Taylor: Personal life and philanthropy: An active philanthropist, Taylor helped to establish


  • fortepiano (musical instrument)

    keyboard instrument: The English action: 
earlier instruments (sometimes called “fortepianos” to distinguish them from modern pianos) have come to be appreciated, and several builders have begun to make replicas of them.

  • Fortes, Meyer (British anthropologist)

    Meyer Fortes was a British social anthropologist known for his investigations of West African societies. After studying at the University of Cape Town in South Africa, Fortes received his Ph.D. in psychology from the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) in 1930. In 1932 he turned

  • Fortescue River (river, Australia)

    Western Australia: Drainage: The De Grey, Fortescue, and Ashburton rivers drain the area surrounding the Hamersley Range in the Pilbara region. Usually dry, these rivers become raging torrents during the cyclone season. To the east of the Pilbara flows the Rudall River, which drains inland to the saline (and usually dry)


  • Fortescue, Muriel (American actress)

    Mabel Normand was an American film actress who was one of the greatest comedians of the silent era. Known for her gaiety and spontaneous spirit, Normand appeared in hundreds of films (and directed several of them) and rose to such heights of popularity that she briefly rivaled Mary Pickford as

  • Fortescue, Sir John (English jurist)

    Sir John Fortescue was a jurist, notable for a legal treatise, De laudibus legum Angliae (c. 1470; “In Praise of the Laws of England”), written for the instruction of Edward, prince of Wales, son of the deposed king Henry VI of England. He also stated a moral principle that remains basic to the

  • Forth and Clyde Canal (canal, Scotland, United Kingdom)

    John Smeaton: Smeaton also constructed the Forth and Clyde Canal in Scotland, which opened a waterway between the Atlantic and the North Sea; built bridges at Perth, Banff, and Coldstream, Scot.; and completed the harbour at Ramsgate, Kent.

  • Forth Bridge (railway bridge, Scotland, United Kingdom)

    Forth Bridge, railway bridge over the Firth of Forth, the estuary of the River Forth in Scotland. It was one of the first cantilever bridges and for several years was the world’s longest span. Designed and built by Benjamin Baker and John Fowler in the late 1880s, its opening on March 4, 1890,

  • Forth Rail Bridge (railway bridge, Scotland, United Kingdom)

    Forth Bridge, railway bridge over the Firth of Forth, the estuary of the River Forth in Scotland. It was one of the first cantilever bridges and for several years was the world’s longest span. Designed and built by Benjamin Baker and John Fowler in the late 1880s, its opening on March 4, 1890,

  • Forth River (river, Tasmania, Australia)

    Forth River, river in northern Tasmania, Australia, rising in the lakes district near Mount Pelion West in the Central Plateau. Fed by its principal tributaries, the Dove and Wilmot, it flows 60 miles (95 km) north to Port Fenton, its estuarine mouth on Bass Strait. Falling steeply over the plateau

  • Forth Road Bridge (bridge, Queensferry, Scotland, United Kingdom)

    Forth Bridge: The Forth Road Bridge, completed in 1964, is a suspension structure with a main span of 1,000 metres (3,300 feet).

  • Forth, Patrick Ruthven, Earl of, Earl of Brentford, Lord Ruthven Of Ettrick (English army commander)

    Patrick Ruthven, earl of Forth was the supreme commander of the Royalist forces of Charles I during the early phases of the English Civil Wars. A descendant of the 1st Lord Ruthven (d. 1528) in a collateral line, he distinguished himself in the service of Sweden, which he entered about 1606. As a

  • Forth, River (river, Scotland, United Kingdom)

    River Forth, river and estuary in eastern Scotland, flowing from west to east from its headwaters on the eastern slopes of Ben Lomond to the Firth of Forth (the estuary), near Kincardine. The river has a short highland section and a longer lowland section, falling only 80 feet (25 m) in 55 miles

  • fortification (military science)

    fortification, in military science, any work erected to strengthen a position against attack. Fortifications are usually of two types: permanent and field. Permanent fortifications include elaborate forts and troop shelters and are most often erected in times of peace or upon threat of war. Field

  • Fortification perpendiculaire, La (work by Montalembert)

    Marc-RenĂ©, marquis de Montalembert: 
the first edition of his La Fortification perpendiculaire (“Perpendicular Fortification”) appeared. He emigrated for a time after the French Revolution of 1789 but returned to France and became a consultant to Lazare Carnot, the renowned military engineer and Revolutionary leader. Thereafter, Montalembert’s system was widely copied and soon prevailed throughout


  • fortified wine

    wine: Fortified wines: The addition of alcohol during or after alcoholic fermentation produces fortified wines of over 14 percent alcohol, generally called dessert wines in the United States. In most countries, these wines are taxed at higher rates than those of 14 percent or lower alcohol.


  • Fortingall Yew (tree, Fortingall, Scotland, United Kingdom)

    English yew: For example, the Fortingall Yew, named for the small Scottish village where it has been growing for some 2,000 to 5,000 years, is the oldest living tree in Great Britain and one of the oldest living trees in Europe.

  • fortis obstruent (speech)

    Niger-Congo languages: Tone: 
certain depressor consonants, namely voiced fortis obstruents. The function of tone varies from language to language; sometimes it marks grammatical features, sometimes lexical contrasts. In general, the languages with more tone levels use tone to distinguish lexical items rather than grammatical constructions.

  • Fortis, Alessandro (Italian statesman)

    Alessandro Fortis was a statesman, of strong republican views during the Risorgimento, the 19th-century unification of Italy. Later, under the monarchy, he held several governmental posts, including that of premier (1905–06). Fortis fought as a volunteer with Giuseppe Garibaldi in 1866 and 1867.

  • Fortitude (painting by Sandro Botticelli)

    Sandro Botticelli: Early life and career: 
in his first dated work, Fortitude (1470), which was painted for the hall of the Tribunale dell’Are della Mercanzia, or merchants’ tribunal, in Florence. Botticelli’s art from that time shows a use of ocher in the shadowed areas of flesh tones that gives a brown warmth very different from Lippi’s


  • Fortner, Wolfgang (German composer)

    Wolfgang Fortner was a progressive composer and influential music teacher in Germany. Fortner studied music and philosophy at the Leipzig Conservatory and the University of Leipzig, and at the age of 24 he went to Heidelberg as professor at the Institute for Evangelical Church Music. He later

  • fortnight

    calendar: Standard units and cycles: 
of 14 days called a fortnight is derived.

  • Fortnightly Review (British magazine)

    history of publishing: Literary and scientific magazines: 
as drama critics (1895–1910); the Fortnightly Review (1865–1954), which had the Liberal statesman John Morley as editor (1867–83); the Contemporary Review (founded 1866); the Nineteenth Century (1877; later the Twentieth Century, until it closed in 1974); and W.T. Stead’s Review of Reviews (1890–1936), a more limited version of Reader’s Digest.

  • Fortnum & Mason (store, London, United Kingdom)

    Fortnum & Mason, in London, department store famous for the variety and high quality of its food products. It is located on Piccadilly (avenue) in the borough of Westminster. The store began as a grocery shop in 1707, and by the late 18th century it was known for its exotic imported foods, brought

  • Fortnum & Mason, PLC (store, London, United Kingdom)

    Fortnum & Mason, in London, department store famous for the variety and high quality of its food products. It is located on Piccadilly (avenue) in the borough of Westminster. The store began as a grocery shop in 1707, and by the late 18th century it was known for its exotic imported foods, brought

  • FORTRAN (computer language)

    FORTRAN, computer programming language created in 1957 by John Backus that shortened the process of programming and made computer programming more accessible. The creation of FORTRAN, which debuted in 1957, marked a significant stage in the development of computer programming languages. Previous

  • Fortrel (chemical compound)

    coarctation of the aorta: 
a synthetic fibre such as Dacronℱ, or the defect is left but is bypassed by a Dacronℱ tube opening into the aorta on either side of the defect—a permanent bypass for the blood flow. Surgery for this condition is most effective in young persons and is rarely performed on patients


  • fortress (military science)

    fortification, in military science, any work erected to strengthen a position against attack. Fortifications are usually of two types: permanent and field. Permanent fortifications include elaborate forts and troop shelters and are most often erected in times of peace or upon threat of war. Field

  • Fortress Besieged (novel by Qian Zhongshu)

    Qian Zhongshu: 
short stories; and Weicheng (1947; Fortress Besieged), a novel. Although it was widely translated, Qian’s novel did not receive much recognition in China until the late 1970s. It became a best-seller in China in the 1980s and was made into a television drama series in 1991.

  • Fortschrittspartei (political party, Germany)

    Germany: The 1860s: the triumphs of Bismarck: 
militant among them formed the Fortschrittspartei (Progressive Party), which sought to hasten the enactment of liberal legislation by exerting pressure on the government. The monarch, afraid that he was being pushed farther to the left than he wanted to go, became more adamant and uncompromising. Sooner or later a conflict


  • Fortsetzung der PegnitzschĂ€ferey (work by Harsdörfer and Klaj)

    Johann Klaj: 
the Fortsetzung der PegnitzschĂ€ferey (1645; The Pursuit of Pegnitz’s Meadows). He also specialized in religious oratorios and mystery plays, such as Die Auferstehung Jesu Christi (1644; The Resurrection of Jesus Christ), Freudengedicht auf die Geburt Christi (1645; Joyful Verses on the Birth of Christ), Trauerspiel vom leidenden Christus (1645; The


  • FortĂșn (king of Pamplona)

    GarcĂ­a: His son FortĂșn (or Fortunio) was captured and imprisoned by the Moors in 860, and not until about 880 was he free to proclaim himself king of Pamplona. On FortĂșn’s death (905), Sancho I GarcĂ©s reigned as the first indisputable king of Pamplona.

  • fortuna (philosophy)

    history of Europe: Renaissance thought: 
shape, if not totally control, fortuna—the play of external forces—Guicciardini was skeptical about men’s ability to learn from the past and pessimistic about the individual’s power to shape the course of events. All that was left, he believed, was to understand. Guicciardini wrote his histories of Florence and of Italy


  • Fortuna (Roman goddess)

    Fortuna, in Roman religion, goddess of chance or lot who became identified with the Greek Tyche; the original Italian deity was probably regarded as the bearer of prosperity and increase. As such she resembles a fertility deity, hence her association with the bounty of the soil and the fruitfulness

  • Fortuna Tessera (surface feature, Venus)

    Ishtar Terra: Fortuna Tessera, the main feature of eastern Ishtar, appears extraordinarily rugged and highly deformed in radar images, displaying many different trends of parallel ridges and troughs that cut across one another at a wide range of angles. The geologic processes that formed Ishtar are not


  • Fortuna Virilis, Temple of (ancient structure, Rome, Italy)

    podium: 
in Nümes, France, and the Temple of Fortuna Virilis (c. 40 bc) in the Forum Boarium at Rome.

  • Fortunata and Jacinta (novel by PĂ©rez GaldĂłs)

    Fortunata y Jacinta, naturalistic novel by Benito PĂ©rez GaldĂłs, published in four volumes in 1886–87 and considered a masterwork of Spanish fiction. Fortunata y Jacinta offers deft characterizations and incisive details of the social, personal, and psychological aspects of its era. The novel was

  • Fortunata y Jacinta (novel by PĂ©rez GaldĂłs)

    Fortunata y Jacinta, naturalistic novel by Benito PĂ©rez GaldĂłs, published in four volumes in 1886–87 and considered a masterwork of Spanish fiction. Fortunata y Jacinta offers deft characterizations and incisive details of the social, personal, and psychological aspects of its era. The novel was

  • Fortunate Life, A (work by Facey)

    Australian literature: Literature from 1970 to 2000: 
recounting his life experience in A Fortunate Life (1981), accepted what life had offered, not with bitterness but with gratitude. Robert Dessaix in Night Letters: A Journey Through Switzerland and Italy (1996) wrote a series of highly cultivated reflections on the poignancy of life, art, and, ultimately, death. Drusilla Modjeska


  • Fortunate Pilgrim, The (novel by Puzo)

    Mario Puzo: 
The Dark Arena (1955) and The Fortunate Pilgrim (1964), attracted good reviews but few buyers.

  • Fortunate Son (song by Fogerty)

    Creedence Clearwater Revival: 
referring to those events; “Fortunate Son” (1969) was a furious blast at wealth and status. From the beginning of 1969 until the end of 1970, Creedence ruled the American pop charts. Their other albums from this period—Green River (1969), Willy and the Poorboys (1969), and Cosmo’s Factory (1970)—collected hits


  • Fortunate Traveler, The (work by Walcott)

    Derek Walcott: The Fortunate Traveller (1981) and Midsummer (1984) explore his own situation as a black writer in America who has become increasingly estranged from his Caribbean homeland.

  • Fortunatus, Venantius (French poet and bishop)

    Venantius Fortunatus was a poet and bishop of Poitiers, whose Latin poems and hymns combine echoes of classical Latin poets with a medieval tone, making him an important transitional figure between the ancient and medieval periods. Probably in fulfillment of a vow to St. Martin of Tours, Fortunatus

  • Fortune (Roman goddess)

    Fortuna, in Roman religion, goddess of chance or lot who became identified with the Greek Tyche; the original Italian deity was probably regarded as the bearer of prosperity and increase. As such she resembles a fertility deity, hence her association with the bounty of the soil and the fruitfulness

  • Fortune (philosophy)

    history of Europe: Renaissance thought: 
shape, if not totally control, fortuna—the play of external forces—Guicciardini was skeptical about men’s ability to learn from the past and pessimistic about the individual’s power to shape the course of events. All that was left, he believed, was to understand. Guicciardini wrote his histories of Florence and of Italy


  • fortune (game of chance)

    bingo, game of chance using cards on which there is a grid of numbers, a row of which constitute a win when they have been chosen at random. Bingo is one of the most popular forms of low-priced gambling in the world. To play bingo, which is a form of lottery, each player purchases one or more cards

  • Fortune (American magazine)

    Fortune is an American business magazine, known for its in-depth reporting and for its annual ranking of America’s biggest companies, the Fortune 500. Fortune published its first issue in 1930, several months after the onset of the Great Depression. It was the brainchild of publisher Henry Luce.

  • Fortune 500 (business)

    Fortune 500, annual list published by Fortune magazine ranking 500 of the largest companies incorporated and operated in the United States. Using publicly available data, Fortune ranks public and private companies on the basis of their previous year’s annual revenue. This widely known ranking is

  • Fortune and Men’s Eyes (work by Herbert)

    Canadian literature: Drama: 
productions were mounted, such as John Herbert’s Fortune and Men’s Eyes (1967), on homosexuality in prison; George Ryga’s The Ecstasy of Rita Joe (1971), about an indigenous woman who is a prostitute; and James Reaney’s Donnelly trilogy (1976–77), about the feuds and the massacre of an Irish immigrant family in


  • Fortune Brands, Inc. (American industrial conglomerate)

    Fortune Brands, Inc., U.S. industrial conglomerate headquartered in Deerfield, Ill. Its corporate history began with the American Tobacco Co. (founded in 1890), which grew out of the tobacco business established in North Carolina by the Duke family (see James B. Duke) and which controlled the U.S.

  • Fortune Cookie, The (film by Wilder [1966])

    The Fortune Cookie, American screwball comedy film, released in 1966, that featured the first teaming of Jack Lemmon and Walter Matthau. Sports cameraman Harry Hinkle (played by Lemmon) is accidentally injured on the field during a football game. Although not seriously hurt, he is browbeaten by his

  • Fortune des Rougon, La (work by Zola)

    Émile Zola: Life: La Fortune des Rougon (The Rougon Family Fortune), the first novel in the series, began to appear in serial form in 1870, was interrupted by the outbreak of the Franco-German War in July, and was eventually published in book form in October 1871. Zola went on to produce these


  • Fortune of the Rougons, The (work by Zola)

    Émile Zola: Life: La Fortune des Rougon (The Rougon Family Fortune), the first novel in the series, began to appear in serial form in 1870, was interrupted by the outbreak of the Franco-German War in July, and was eventually published in book form in October 1871. Zola went on to produce these


  • Fortune Teller (painting by Piazzetta)

    Giovanni Battista Piazzetta: The celebrated “Fortune Teller” is dated 1740. “The Pastoral” and the “Idyll by the Seashore,” both in the same Rococo-pastoral vein, must have been painted about the same time or a little before. In his last years he carried out a number of large-scale decorations with subjects


  • Fortune Teller, The (painting by Georges de La Tour)

    10 Paintings You Should See at the Met in New York City: The Fortune Teller (probably 1630s): Ghirlandaio Georges de La Tour secured an important patron, the duc de Lorraine and, in the late 1630s, came to the notice of King Louis XIII. The king was so impressed that it was said he insisted a painting by La


  • Fortune Theatre (historical theater, London, United Kingdom)

    Fortune Theatre, Elizabethan public playhouse on the northern edge of London, built in 1600 by Philip Henslowe to compete with the newly constructed Globe Theatre. Named after the goddess of fortune, whose statue stood over the front doorway, the Fortune resembled the Globe except that it was

  • Fortune Tobacco Corp. (Filipino corporation)

    Lucio Tan: 
started his own tobacco company, Fortune Tobacco Corp.

  • Fortune, Mount (mountain, Castries, Saint Lucia)

    Castries: A fortress on Mount Fortune (852 feet [260 metres]) overlooks the town. There is a botanical station, and Vigie Beach and an airport are nearby. Pop. (2010 prelim.) city, 4,173; urban area, 22,111.

  • Fortune, Robert (Scottish botanist and traveler)

    Robert Fortune was a Scottish botanist and traveler. He was employed by the Edinburgh Botanical Garden and afterward in the Royal Horticultural Society’s garden at Chiswick. Upon the termination of the first Opium War in 1842, he was sent out by the society to collect plants in China. Another

  • Fortune, T. Thomas (American journalist)

    T. Thomas Fortune was the leading black American journalist of the late 19th century. The son of slaves, Fortune attended a Freedmen’s Bureau school for a time after the Civil War and eventually became a compositor for a black newspaper in Washington, D.C. Moving to New York City about 1880, he