venom gland
Quick Summary
The venom gland is a specialized organ that produces venom, a poisonous secretion used by animals for killing prey or for defense. These glands are typically connected to piercing structures like fangs, spines, or stings. The venom itself is a complex mixture of enzymes and proteins that can have various effects on the body. Some venoms act as neurotoxins, affecting the nervous system and causing symptoms ranging from excitation to paralysis. Others are hemotoxins, which impact the blood and blood vessels, potentially leading to hemorrhages or clotting issues. Some venoms can also trigger allergic reactions. While many animal groups possess venom glands, snakes and spiders are among the most well-known venomous creatures that pose a risk to humans. Spider venom glands, for instance, often originated as digestive aids but evolved to subdue prey and protect the spider.12
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