unilateral emphysema

Unilateral emphysema is a rare form of emphysema that affects only one lung. It is believed to result from severe bronchiolitis in childhood that hindered the normal development of that lung. This condition causes irreversible destruction of alveolar walls, leading to abnormally large air spaces within the affected lung.12

While emphysema typically involves widespread lung tissue destruction, unilateral emphysema presents as a localized issue. The primary symptom is shortness of breath, initially only during exercise, due to a loss of lung elasticity and increased obstruction to airflow. Diagnosis often involves pulmonary function tests, radiological examinations, and a detailed medical history.1