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Type II superconductors are materials that exhibit superconductivity, meaning they lose all electrical resistance below a critical temperature. A key characteristic of superconductors is the Meissner effect, where they expel magnetic fields from their interior.1

Unlike Type I superconductors, Type II superconductors only partially expel magnetic fields, especially in intermediate magnetic field strengths. As the external magnetic field increases, the expulsion of the field decreases until the material ceases to be superconducting. When a magnetic field enters a Type II superconductor within its critical field range, it does so in discrete units called quantized fluxoids. The maximum current a superconductor can carry before losing its superconducting state is known as the critical current density.12

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