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The tunica albuginea is a fibrous sac that encloses each testis. This sac is lined internally by the tunica vasculosa, which contains a network of blood vessels, and is covered by the tunica vaginalis. The tunica albuginea extends into the testis, dividing it into approximately 250 lobules. Each lobule contains tubules where sperm are formed. The testes are the male gonads, producing sperm and androgens like testosterone. They are essential for male reproduction and the development of secondary sex characteristics.12

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