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The trophoblast is the outer layer of cells in a mammalian blastocyst, a very early stage of embryonic development. It plays a crucial role in establishing a connection with the mother's uterus, facilitating implantation.12

About six to ten days after fertilization, the blastocyst, with its trophoblast layer, attaches to the uterine lining. The trophoblast then invades the uterine wall, enabling the developing embryo to become physiologically dependent on the mother. This process is essential for the formation of the placenta, which will nourish and support the embryo throughout pregnancy. The trophoblast's ability to invade and interact with the uterine tissue is key to a successful pregnancy.341

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