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The temperate zone refers to the geographical regions located between the Tropic of Cancer and the Arctic Circle, or between the Tropic of Capricorn and the Antarctic Circle. These areas are characterized by distinct seasons, including a winter period with frost, which differentiates them from tropical regions where growth is continuous.12

Horticulturally, temperate zones encompass most of Europe, North America, and northern Asia, as well as parts of New Zealand, Australia, and South America. They are home to vast coniferous and deciduous forests, including trees like pine, spruce, oak, and ash. These zones also support a wide variety of grasses and cereal crops such as wheat, barley, and corn. The winter resting season is crucial for many temperate plants, including bulbs, annuals, perennials, and deciduous trees, allowing them to survive the colder months.2

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