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Tarantism was a dancing mania or malady that occurred in late medieval Europe, particularly in Taranto, Italy, between the 15th and 17th centuries. It was characterized by a hysterical impulse to dance. Some believed tarantism was caused by the bite of the European wolf spider, also known as the tarantula, and that dancing was the only cure. This craze may have led to the Italian folk dance called the tarantella.12

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