superficial hibernation

Superficial hibernation, also known as shallow hibernation, is a state of reduced metabolic activity and body temperature adopted by some animals as a compromise between deep hibernation and remaining active during winter. This state allows animals to conserve energy while still being able to escape predators or environmental dangers like flooding.1

Unlike true hibernators, animals in superficial hibernation primarily rely on stored food in their nests for energy. This method saves energy without the extreme physiological changes and risks associated with deep hibernation. Examples of animals that may exhibit shallow hibernation include chipmunks, bears, and raccoons. However, chipmunks can also enter deep hibernation if food is scarce.1

Torpor is a broader term that encompasses any state of lowered body temperature and metabolic activity in response to environmental conditions like cold or heat. This can last from overnight to months, depending on the animal and the conditions.2