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submarine volcano
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Lō‘ihi Seamount Cross-sectional diagram showing three tectonic plates at ocean ridges, transform faults, and a subduction zone. The image illustrates rising magma forming rift and subduction volcanoes, convection currents in the mantle, and features such as ocean trenches, extinct and hot-spot volcanoes, and the movement of plates above a molten core and low-velocity mantle layer.
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submarine volcano

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Lō‘ihi Seamount
Lō‘ihi Seamount Computer-generated image of the summit area of Lō‘ihi, a submarine volcano southeast of the island of Hawaii. Lō‘ihi shares the same “hot spot” on Earth's crust that has formed Mauna Loa and Kilauea volcanoes on Hawaii.

Submarine volcanoes are volcanic landforms found on the ocean floor. While many are cone-shaped seamounts, some are remnants of ancient island volcanoes that have subsided below sea level. Active submarine volcanoes are often detected in shallow waters by their explosive eruptions picked up by hydrophones. At greater depths, the immense water pressure reduces explosive boiling, making eruptions harder to detect, though they are likely common along oceanic spreading centers. An example is Lōʻihi, a seamount southeast of the island of Hawaii, which shows seismic activity indicating eruptions, though none have been directly observed in progress. These volcanoes are a type of volcanic landform, with over 100 known examples, including Lōʻihi and the Vestmanna Islands.1

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2 Britannica Sources
  1. volcano - Submarine volcanoes
  2. volcano - Subduction volcanoes

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