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subduction volcano
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Cross-sectional diagram showing three tectonic plates at ocean ridges, transform faults, and a subduction zone. The image illustrates rising magma forming rift and subduction volcanoes, convection currents in the mantle, and features such as ocean trenches, extinct and hot-spot volcanoes, and the movement of plates above a molten core and low-velocity mantle layer.
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subduction volcano

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Cross-sectional diagram showing three tectonic plates at ocean ridges, transform faults, and a subduction zone. The image illustrates rising magma forming rift and subduction volcanoes, convection currents in the mantle, and features such as ocean trenches, extinct and hot-spot volcanoes, and the movement of plates above a molten core and low-velocity mantle layer.
volcanism and plate tectonics Stratovolcanoes tend to form at subduction zones, or convergent plate margins, where an oceanic plate slides beneath a continental plate and contributes to the rise of magma to the surface. At rift zones, or divergent margins, shield volcanoes tend to form as two oceanic plates pull slowly apart and magma effuses upward through the gap. Volcanoes are not generally found at strike-slip zones, where two plates slide laterally past each other. “Hot spot” volcanoes may form where plumes of lava rise from deep within the mantle to Earth's crust far from any plate margins.

A subduction volcano forms at a convergent plate boundary, where one tectonic plate slides beneath another into the Earth's mantle. This process, known as subduction, often occurs when an oceanic plate is forced under a continental plate or a younger oceanic plate. As the denser plate descends, it carries water and carbon dioxide into the mantle, which can lower the melting point of the surrounding rock, generating magma. This magma rises to the surface, erupting to form volcanoes, typically explosive stratovolcanoes. These volcanoes are a significant feature of the Ring of Fire, a zone of intense seismic and volcanic activity encircling the Pacific Ocean.12

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3 Britannica Sources
  1. volcano - Subduction volcanoes
  2. subduction zone
  3. Ring of Fire

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