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sprain
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sprain

ligament injury
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Britannica Editors
Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree....
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History

sprain, an injury involving the overstretching or tearing of one or more ligaments, the bands of connective tissue that stabilize joints. A sprain occurs when a joint is forced beyond its natural range of motion, such as when a joint is forcefully twisted during a fall or sports activity.

Symptoms of a sprain typically include sudden severe pain, then swelling around the joint, tenderness, stiffness, bruising, and reduced joint mobility. The ankle, wrist, knee, fingers, and toes are among the most commonly affected joints. Mild sprains may involve stretching of the ligament, while severe sprains can include complete tears.

Treatment generally consists of rest, ice, compression, support, and rehabilitation exercises to restore strength and mobility. Surgery may be required for severe ligament injuries.

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The Editors of Encyclopaedia BritannicaThis article was most recently revised and updated by Kara Rogers.