splenectomy

medicine

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Last updated

July 14, 2026

Quick Summary

A splenectomy is the surgical removal of the spleen. The spleen is an organ in the lymphatic system located in the upper left abdomen. It functions as a filter for blood, removing old red blood cells and foreign materials, and plays a role in immune responses by storing and releasing immune cells.12

After a splenectomy, individuals may have an increased risk of infections and, over time, cardiovascular disease and certain cancers. This is thought to be due to the absence of immune-regulating factors normally released by the spleen. Splenomegaly, or an enlarged spleen, can be a symptom of various diseases and may require a splenectomy if severely damaged.23

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blood disease
Hemolytic anemias
In a number of instances, splenectomy—removal of the spleen—is necessary and is usually partially or wholly effective in relieving the anemia. The effectiveness of splenectomy is attributed to the removal of the organ in which red cells, coated with antibody, are selectively trapped and destroyed.
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In a number of instances, splenectomy—removal of the spleen—is necessary and is usually partially or wholly effective in relieving the anemia. The effectiveness of splenectomy is attributed to the removal of the organ in which red cells, coated with antibody, are selectively trapped and destroyed.
Read More