sleep: References & Edit History
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Additional Reading
An overview of historical and contemporary sleep research is provided by Jerome Siegel, The Neural Control of Sleep and Waking (2002). The role of sleep in learning is explored in P. Maquet, C. Smith, and R. Stickgold (eds.), Sleep and Brain Plasticity (2003). Comprehensive information on the basic physiology of sleep and the diagnosis of sleep disorders is provided by Michel Billiard (ed.), Sleep: Physiology, Investigations, and Medicine, trans. from French by Angela Kent (2003). Major sleep disorders and how psychiatric problems affect sleep are examined in Daniel J. Buysse (ed.), Sleep Disorders and Psychiatry (2005). Stephen H. Sheldon et al. (eds.), Principles and Practice of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, 2nd ed. (2014), gives a comprehensive picture of pediatric sleep.
Article Contributors
Primary Contributors
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Melodee A. Mograss
Adjunct Professor and Research Associate, Department of Exercise Science and Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec.
- Rosalind D. Cartwright
- David Foulkes
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Jeffrey M. Ellenbogen
Assistant Professor of Neurology and Sleep Medicine, Johns Hopkins University. Director of The Sound Sleep Project.
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Thien Thanh Dang-Vu
Neurologist and Assistant Professor, Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Concordia University.
Other Encyclopedia Britannica Contributors
Article History
| Type | Description | Contributor | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modified link of Web site: National Center for Biotechnology Information - Physiology of Sleep. | Oct 17, 2026 | ||
| Add new Web site: University System of New Hampshire Pressbooks - Blueprint for Success in College and Career - Sleep. | Apr 10, 2026 | ||
| Add new Web site: Alamo Colleges District Pressbooks Network - General Psychology - Sleep and Dreaming. | Jan 02, 2026 | ||
| Add new Web site: American Psychological Association - Why sleep is important. | Dec 13, 2025 | ||
| Add new Web site: NPR - Republican Sen. Rick Scott Talks Infrastructure, Climate And The Pandemic In Florida. | Oct 10, 2025 | ||
| Add new Web site: Academia - Sleep and Dreaming: An overview from the neuroscience perspective (PDF). | Jul 17, 2025 | ||
| Add new Web site: Healthdirect - Sleep. | Mar 22, 2025 | ||
| Questions and answers added. | Mar 21, 2025 | ||
| Add new Web site: The University of Hawaiʻi Pressbooks - Psychology - Stages of Sleep. | May 03, 2024 | ||
| Add new Web site: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - Sleep. | Aug 31, 2023 | ||
| Add new Web site: National Institutes of Health - National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke - Brain Basics: Understanding Sleep. | May 12, 2023 | ||
| Add new Web site: Cleveland Clinic - Sleep Basics. | Mar 17, 2023 | ||
| Link added. | Feb 03, 2023 | ||
| Add new Web site: OpenStax - Psychology 2e - Sleep and Why We Sleep. | Feb 02, 2023 | ||
| Add new Web site: Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health - The Nutrition Source - Sleep. | Dec 23, 2022 | ||
| Add new Web site: Healthline - What is the purpose of Sleep? | Oct 23, 2022 | ||
| Add new Web site: National Center for Biotechnology Information - Physiology of Sleep. | Sep 07, 2022 | ||
| Add new Web site: Verywell Health - The Importance of Sleep. | May 09, 2022 | ||
| Added mention of the association between insufficient sleep and inability to lose weight among overweight persons. | Jul 03, 2019 | ||
| Added information on the association between exposure to blue light-emitting devices and poor quality sleep. | May 21, 2019 | ||
| Add new Web site: IDAHO Public Television - Science Trek - Sleep. | Mar 07, 2019 | ||
| Add new Web site: National Sleep Foundation - How Does Sleep Work? | Mar 07, 2019 | ||
| Added information on the association of reduced NREM sleep and the development of pathological features in the brain that are indicative of Alzheimer disease. | Jan 11, 2019 | ||
| Media added. | Feb 17, 2017 | ||
| Information on sleep recommendations, characteristics of sleep, and sleep disorders revised and updated. | Jan 13, 2016 | ||
| Added Principles and Practice of Pediatric Sleep Medicine to bibliography. | Jan 13, 2016 | ||
| Add new Web site: Healthy Sleep - Getting the Sleep You Need. | Jan 10, 2016 | ||
| Added video. | May 08, 2015 | ||
| Add new Web site: Buzzle.com - Sleep. | Apr 11, 2013 | ||
| Added line art of an electroencephalogram showing typical brain waves of sleep and wakefulness. | Apr 12, 2011 | ||
| Article thoroughly revised jointly with Jeffrey M. Ellenbogen. | Aug 23, 2010 | ||
| Article thoroughly revised jointy with Thien Thanh Dang-Vu. | Aug 23, 2010 | ||
| Changed Latin name of bullfrog from Rana catesbeiana to Lithobates catesbeianus. | Dec 01, 2009 | ||
| Bibliography updated to include Sleep: Physiology, Investigations, and Medicine (2003). | Sep 18, 2009 | ||
| Added information on sleep statistics in the United States and other countries and on the functional sleep theory of adaptive inactivity. | Sep 18, 2009 | ||
| Added new Web site: British Broadcasting Corporation - The Science of Sleep. | Aug 12, 2008 | ||
| Article revised and updated. | Mar 16, 2007 | ||
| Bibliography revised. | Mar 16, 2007 | ||
| Added new Web site: The Nemours Foundation - For Kids - What Sleep Is and Why All Kids Need It. | Aug 25, 2006 | ||
| Added new Web site: WebSciences International and Sleep Research Society - Basics of Sleep Behavior. | Aug 17, 2006 | ||
| Added new Web site: Why Do We Sleep? | Jun 21, 2006 | ||
| Added new Web site: Neuroscience for Kids - What is Sleep and Why Do We Do It? | Jun 05, 2006 | ||
| Article added to new online database. | Jul 20, 1998 |
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