rotation

Rotation is a type of joint movement that allows a bone or body part to turn around its own axis. This movement is crucial for various actions, such as turning the head from side to side, which is facilitated by the pivot joint between the first two cervical vertebrae. The forearm also utilizes rotation for movements like unscrewing a jar lid, involving the radius and ulna bones. In the shoulder, rotation includes both internal and external movements, essential for actions like a tennis backhand. Muscles like the sternocleidomastoid and splenius capitis/cervicis in the neck, and the rotator cuff muscles in the shoulder, are key to enabling these rotational movements.12345