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Residual volume (RV) is the amount of air that remains in the lungs after a maximal exhalation. It is a key measurement in pulmonary function tests used to diagnose lung diseases. This volume represents approximately 20 percent of the total lung capacity.12

Unlike other lung volumes that can be measured with a spirometer, residual volume requires a dilution method for accurate measurement. It is a component of the functional residual capacity (FRC), which is the resting lung volume after a normal exhalation.1

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