relativistic time dilation

In physics, time dilation is a concept from special relativity. It describes how time passes slower for an observer who is moving relative to another observer. This means that time is not absolute but depends on an observer's motion.

This effect is described by the Lorentz transformations, where the factor (\sqrt{1 - v^2/c^2}) determines how much time slows down, with (v) being the relative velocity and (c) the speed of light. While negligible in everyday life, time dilation has been experimentally confirmed, for instance, by observing the extended lifetimes of high-speed particles and comparing atomic clocks on Earth with those in airplanes. The "twin paradox" is a thought experiment illustrating this phenomenon, where a traveling twin ages less than their stationary counterpart.1234