red phosphorus

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red phosphorus

chemistry

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July 13, 2026

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Red phosphorus is an allotropic form of the element phosphorus. Phosphorus itself is a nonmetallic chemical element found in Group 15 of the periodic table. At room temperature, it is a soft, waxy solid that glows in the dark.12

Red phosphorus is distinct from white phosphorus, which is more reactive and toxic. While white phosphorus exists as discrete P4 molecules, red phosphorus is a polymeric form. It is less reactive and insoluble, making it safer for certain applications.2

Red phosphorus is commonly used in the striking surface for safety matches. It is also used in pyrotechnics, such as fireworks and tracers.2

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chemical industry
Phosphorus
Red phosphorus, comparatively harmless, is used in matches. Ferrophosphorus, a combination of phosphorus with iron, is used as an ingredient in high-strength low-alloy steel. In addition, the many organic compounds of phosphorus have varied uses, including those as additives for gasoline and lubricating oil, as…
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Red phosphorus, comparatively harmless, is used in matches. Ferrophosphorus, a combination of phosphorus with iron, is used as an ingredient in high-strength low-alloy steel. In addition, the many organic compounds of phosphorus have varied uses, including those as additives for gasoline and lubricating oil, as…
Read More

phosphorus
Properties and reactions
…a polymeric form called “red phosphorus.” This substance is amorphous when formed at lower temperatures, but it can become crystalline, with a melting point of about 590° C (1,090 °F). At higher temperatures and pressures, or with the aid of a catalyst, at ordinary pressures and a temperature of…
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…a polymeric form called “red phosphorus.” This substance is amorphous when formed at lower temperatures, but it can become crystalline, with a melting point of about 590° C (1,090 °F). At higher temperatures and pressures, or with the aid of a catalyst, at ordinary pressures and a temperature of…
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match
…von Schrötter in 1845 of red phosphorus, which is nontoxic and is not subject to spontaneous combustion, led to the safety match, with its separation of the combustion ingredients between the match head and the special striking surface. J.E. Lundström of Sweden patented this method in 1855.
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…von Schrötter in 1845 of red phosphorus, which is nontoxic and is not subject to spontaneous combustion, led to the safety match, with its separation of the combustion ingredients between the match head and the special striking surface. J.E. Lundström of Sweden patented this method in 1855.
Read More