posterior pituitary hormone

The posterior pituitary gland, also known as the neurohypophysis, is a distinct part of the pituitary gland located at the base of the brain. It is primarily composed of nerve endings and is functionally connected to the hypothalamus.1

The posterior pituitary stores and releases two key hormones synthesized in the hypothalamus:
* Vasopressin (also called antidiuretic hormone, ADH): This hormone regulates blood pressure and increases water reabsorption in the kidneys, helping to conserve body water and prevent dehydration. Its secretion is stimulated by increased solute concentration in the blood.12
* Oxytocin: This hormone stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and the ejection of milk during breastfeeding. It also plays a role in maternal nurturing behavior and influences social behaviors.134

These hormones are released into the bloodstream in response to nerve signals originating from the hypothalamus.15