point

In mathematics, a point is a fundamental geometric element that has zero dimensions and a location determinable by coordinates. It is a basic concept in Euclidean geometry, where points are used to define lines, planes, and spaces. In a Cartesian coordinate system, a point in two-dimensional space is represented by an ordered pair of numbers (x, y), indicating its distance along the horizontal (x) and vertical (y) axes from an origin point (0, 0). The distance between two points in Euclidean space can be calculated using a formula derived from the Pythagorean theorem. A collection of points is referred to as a point set.123456